Abstract
The present study revisits a subfield of environmental education: significant life experiences, which studies the influences that shape the development of environmental stewardship. In the present study, we examine the effect of various formative experiences on a group of adults and analyze the role of school, as a formative influence on the parents of the students. By employing factor analysis, we were able to differentiate between groups of variables influencing attitudes and those influencing behavior. Cluster analysis enabled us to differentiate between types of respondents in accordance to their responsiveness to influencing experiences. The results draw attention to (a) the different pathways by which environmental attitudes and behaviors are influenced; (b) the important role of the inner self (“personality”) in organizing and giving meaning to all other formative influences; and (c) the effectiveness of environmental schools in urban communities in Israel, in influencing the behavior of students’ parents.
|
Abelson, R. P. (1972). Are attitudes necessary? In King, B. T., McGinnies, E. (Eds.), Attitudes, conflicts, and social change (pp. 19-32). New York, NY: Academic Press. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Armstrong, P., Bottomley, E. (2003). Sustainable Schools Program: A one-stop shop for sustainability education. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the North American Association for Environmental Education, Anchorage, AK. Retrieved from http://naaee.org/conferences/alaska/proceedings_2003.pdf Google Scholar | |
|
Arnold, H. E., Cohen, F. G., Warner, A. (2009). Youth and environmental action: perspectives of young environmental leaders on their formative influences. Journal of Environmental Education, 40(3), 27-36. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Ballantyne, R., Connel, S., Fien, J. (2006). Students as catalysts of environmental change: A framework for researching intergenerational influence through environmental education. Environmental Education Research, 12, 413-427. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Chawla, L. (1998). Significant life experiences revisited: A review of research on sources of environmental sensitivity. Environmental Education Research, 4, 369-382. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Chawla, L. (1999). Life paths into effective environmental action. Journal of Environmental Education, 31(1), 15-26. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Chawla, L. (2001). Significant life experiences revisited once again: Response to Vol. 5(4) “Five critical commentaries on significant life experience research in environmental education.” Environmental Education Research, 7, 451-461. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Corcoran, P. B. (1999). Formative influences in the lives of environmental educators in the United States. Environmental Education Research, 5, 207-220. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Dillon, J., Kelsey, E., Duque-Aristizabal, A. M. (1999). Identity and culture: Theorizing emergent environmentalism. Environmental Education Research, 5, 395-405. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Doyle, J. K. (1997). The cognitive psychology of systems thinking. System Dynamics Review, 13, 253-265. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Gorsuch, R. L. (1983). Factor analysis. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Google Scholar | |
|
Gough, A. (1999). Kids don’t like wearing the same jeans as their Mums and Dads: So whose “life” should be in significant life experiences research? Environmental Education Research, 5, 383-394. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Gough, N. (1999). Surpassing our own histories: Autobiographical methods for environmental education research. Environmental Education Research, 5, 407-418. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Hines, J. M., Hungerford, H. R., Tomera, A. N. (1987). Analysis and synthesis of research on responsible environmental behavior: A meta-analysis. Journal of Environmental Education, 18(2), 1-8. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Hopkins, C., McKeown, R. (2002). Education for sustainable development: An international perspective. In Tilbury, D., Stevenson, R. B., Fien, J., Schreuder, D. (Eds.), Education and sustainability: Responding to the global challenge (pp. 13-24). Gland, Switzerland: IUCN, Commission on Education and Communication. Google Scholar | |
|
Hsu, S. J. (2009). The effects of an environmental education program on responsible environmental behavior and associated environmental literacy variables in Taiwanese college students. Journal of Environmental Education, 35, 37-48. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Hungerford, H. R., Volk, T. L. (1990). Changing learner behavior through environmental education. Journal of Environmental Education, 21, 8-21. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Israel Central Bureau of Statistics . (2009). Retrieved from http://www.cbs.gov.il/reader Google Scholar | |
|
Myers, G. (1997). Significant life experiences and the choice of major among undergraduate minorities and nonminority students majoring in environmental studies and other disciplines. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the North American Association for Environmental Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Google Scholar | |
|
NSW and the Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW (2010). Who cares about the environment in 2009. A survey of NSW people’s environmental knowledge, attitudes and behaviours. Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW. Sydney South 1232. Google Scholar | |
|
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development . (2001). Schooling for tomorrow. What schools for the future? Paris, France: Author. Google Scholar | |
|
Palmer, J. (1993). Development of concern for the environment and formative experiences of educators. Journal of Environmental Education, 24(3), 26-30. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Palmer, J., Suggate, J. (1996). Influences and experiences affecting the pro-environmental behaviour of educators. Environmental Education Research, 2(1), 109-121. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Palmer, J. A., Suggate, J., Bajd, B., Hart, P., Ho, R. K. P., Ofwono-Orecho, J. K. W., . . .Van Staden, C. (1998). An overview of significant influences and formative experiences on the development of adults’ environmental awareness in nine countries. Environmental Education Research, 4, 445-464. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Palmer, J. A., Suggate, J., Robottom, I., Hart, P. (1999). Significant life experiences and formative influences on the development of adults’ environmental awareness in the UK, Australia and Canada. Environmental Education Research, 5(2), 181-200. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Payne, P. (1999). The significance of experience in SLE research. Environmental Education Research, 5, 365-377. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Peterson, N. (1982). Developmental variables affecting environmental sensitivity in professional environmental educators (Unpublished master’s thesis). Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL. Google Scholar | |
|
Sward, L. L. (1999). Significant life experiences affecting the environmental sensitivity of El Salvadoran environmental professionals. Environmental Education Research, 5(2), 201-206. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Tanner, T. (1980). Significant life experiences: A new research area in environmental education. Journal of Environmental Education, 11(4), 20-24. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization . (2005). United Nations decade of education for sustainable development (2005-2014). International Implementation Scheme. Paris, France: UNESCO, Department for Education for Sustainable Development (ED/PEQ/ESD). Google Scholar | |
|
Victorian Curriculum and Assessment Authority . (2005). Sustainability perspectives in the VELS. Retrieved from http://vels.vcaa.vic.edu.au/support/crosscurricular/sustainability.html#top Google Scholar | |
|
Wallace, D. S., Paulson, R. M., Lord, C. G., Bond, C. F. (2005). Which behaviors do attitudes predict? Meta-analyzing the effects of social pressure and perceived difficulty. Review of General Psychology, 9, 214-227. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |

