Early determinants of college attendance and degree attainment for economically disadvantaged minority youth were examined in the present study. The study sample (n = 1,379) was drawn from the Chicago Longitudinal Study (CLS), an ongoing investigation of a panel of low-income minority children born in 1980, growing up in high-poverty neighborhoods in Chicago. Regression findings indicated that three factors in elementary grades can potentially improve both college attendance and bachelor’s (BA) degree completion for economically disadvantaged minority students: better classroom adjustment, high parent expectation in child’s education, and better academic performance. Findings have implications for schools, educators, and policy makers.

Alexander, K. L., Entwisle, D. R., Horsey, C. S. (1997). From first grade forward: Early foundations of high school dropout. Sociology of Education, 70, 87-107.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Alexander, K. L., Entwisle, D. S., Dauber, S. L. (2003). On the success of failure: A reassessment of retention in the primary grades (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Google Scholar
Alexander, K. L., Entwisle, D. S., Kabbani, N. (2001). The dropout process in life course perspective: Early risk factors at home and school. Teachers College Record, 103, 760-822.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of capital. In Richardson, J. G. (Ed.), Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education (pp. 241-258). New York, NY: Greenwood.
Google Scholar
Braxton, J. M. (Ed.). (2000). Reworking the student departure puzzle. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press.
Google Scholar
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Google Scholar
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1998). The ecology of developmental processes. In Lerner, R. M. (Vol. Ed.) and Damon, W. (Series Ed.), Handbook of child psychology, Vol. I: Theoretical models of human development (pp. 993-1027). New York, NY: Wiley.
Google Scholar
Cabrera, A. F., Burkum, K. R., La Nasa, S. M. (2005). Pathways to a four-year degree: Determinants of transfer & degree completion among socioeconomically disadvantaged students. In Seidman, A. (Ed.), College student retention: A formula for student success (pp. 155-214). Westport, CT: American Council on Education and Praeger.
Google Scholar
Card, D., Krueger, A. B. (1996). School resources and student outcomes: An overview of the literature and new evidence from North and South Carolina. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 10(4), 31-50.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Carneiro, P., Heckman, J. J. (2002). The evidence on credit constraints in post-secondary schooling. Economic Journal, 112, 705-734.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Christensen, S., Melder, J., Weisbrod, B. A. (1975). Factors affecting college attendance. Journal of Human Resources, 10(2), 174-188.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Chicago Longitudinal Study . (2005). A study of children in the Chicago public schools: User’s guide (Version 7). Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Google Scholar
Cohen, J., Cohen, P., West, S. G., Aiken, L. (2003). Applied multiple regression: Correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (3rd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Google Scholar
Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94(Suppl.), 95-120.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Eccles, J. S., Vida, M. N., Barber, B. (2004). The relation of early adolescents’ college plans and both academic ability and task-value beliefs to subsequent college enrollment. Journal of Early Adolescence, 24(1), 63-77.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Ekstrom, R. B., Goertz, M. E., Pollack, J. M., Rock, D. A. (1986). Who drops out of high school and why? Findings from a national study. Teachers College Record, 87, 356-373.
Google Scholar | ISI
Ellwood, D. T., Kane, T. J. (2000). Who is getting a college education? Family background and the growing gaps in enrollment. In Danziger, S., Waldfogel, J. (Eds.), Securing the future: Investing in children from birth to college (pp. 283-324). New York, NY: Russell Sage.
Google Scholar
Entwisle, D. R., Alexander, K. L., Olson, L. S. (2005). First grade and educational attainment by age 22: A new story. American Journal of Sociology, 110, 1458-1502.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Fagan, J., Pabon, E. (1990). Contributions of delinquency and substance use to school dropout among inner-city youths. Youth & Society, 21, 306-354.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Frank, J. R. (1990). High school dropout: A new look at family variables. Social Work in Education, 13(1), 34-47.
Google Scholar
Greenwald, R., Hedges, L. V., Laine, R. D. (1996). The effect of school resources on student achievement. Review of Educational Research, 66, 361-396.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Haveman, R., Smeeding, T. (2006). The role of higher education in social mobility. Future of Children, 16(2), 125-150.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI
Heckman, J. J. (2000). Policies to foster human capital. Research in Economics, 54, 3-56.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Heckman, J. J. (2006). Skill formation and the economics of investing in disadvantaged children. Science, 312, 1900-1902.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI
Heckman, J. J., Rubinstein, Y. (2001). The importance of noncognitive skills: Lessons from the GED testing program. American Economic Review, 91(2), 145-149.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Heckman, J. J., Stixrud, J., Urzua, S. (2006). The effects of cognitive and noncognitive abilities on labor market outcomes and social behavior. Journal of Labor Economics, 24, 411-482.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Hossler, D., Schmitt, J., Vesper, N. (1999). Going to college: How social, economic, and educational factors influence the decisions students make. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Google Scholar
Hossler, D., Stage, F. K. (1992). Family and high school experience influences on the postsecondary educational plans of ninth-grade students. American Educational Research Journal, 29(2), 425-451.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Jacob, B. A. (2002). Where the boys aren’t: Non-cognitive skills, returns to school and the gender gap in higher education. Economics of Education Review, 21, 589-598.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Kane, T. J. (2004). College-going and inequality: A literature review. In Neckeman, K. (Ed.), Social inequality (pp. 319-353). New York, NY: Russell Sage.
Google Scholar
Karoly, L. A., Kilburn, R., Bigelow, J. H., Caulkins, J. P., Cannon, J. S. (2001). Assessing costs and benefits of early childhood intervention programs: Overview and applications to the starting early starting smart program. Seattle, WA: RAND.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Kronick, R. F., Hargis, C. H. (1990). Dropouts: Who drops out and why and the recommended action. Springfield, IL: Thomas.
Google Scholar
Martinez, M., Klopott, S. (2005). The link between high school reform and college access and success for low-income and minority youth. Retrieved from http://www.aypf.org/publications/HSReformCollegeAccessandSuccess.pdf
Google Scholar
Mehana, M., Reynolds, A. J. (2004). School mobility and achievement: A meta-analysis. Children and Youth Services Review, 26, 93-119.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Miedel, W. T., Reynolds, A. J. (1999). Parent involvement in early intervention for disadvantaged children: Does it matter. Journal of School Psychology, 37, 379-402.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Ou, S. (2005). Pathways of long-term effects of an early intervention program on educational attainment: Findings from the Chicago longitudinal study. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 26, 578-611.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Ou, S., Reynolds, A. J. (2006). Early childhood intervention and educational attainment: Age 22 findings from the Chicago longitudinal study. Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk, 11(2), 175-198.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Ou, S., Reynolds, A. J. (2008). Predictors of educational attainment in the Chicago longitudinal study. School Psychology Quarterly, 23(2), 199-229.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Ou, S., Reynolds, A. J. (2010). Effects of grade retention on postsecondary education, and public aid receipt. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 32(1), 118-139.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Parker, J. D. A., Hogan, M. J., Eastabrook, J. M., Oke, A., Wood, L. M. (2006). Emotional intelligence and student retention: Predicting the successful transition from high school to university. Personality and Individual Differences, 41, 1329-1336.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Pascarella, E. T., Terenzini, P. T. (2005). How college affects students: A third decade of research (2nd ed.). San Francisco, CA: John Wiley.
Google Scholar
Patrikakou, E. N., Weissberg, R. P., Redding, S., Walberg, H. J. (Eds.). (2005). School–family partnerships for children’s success. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
Google Scholar
Perna, L. W., Titus, M. A. (2005). The relationship between parental involvement as social capital and college enrollment: An examination of racial/ethnic group differences. Journal of Higher Education, 76, 485-518.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Reynolds, A. J. (2000). Success in early intervention: The Chicago child–parent centers. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
Google Scholar
Reynolds, A. J., Temple, J. A., Robertson, D. L., Mann, E. A. (2001). Long-term effects of an early childhood intervention on educational achievement and juvenile arrest: A 15-year follow-up of low-income children in public schools. Journal of American Medical Association, 285, 2339-2346.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Reynolds, A. J., Temple, J. A., Ou, S., Robertson, D. L., Mersky, J. P., Topitzes, J. W., Niles, M. D. (2007). Effects of a school-based, early childhood intervention on adult health and well being: A 19-year follow-up of low-income families. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 161, 730-739.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline
Roderick, M. (1993). The path to dropping out- evidence for intervention. Westport, CT: Auburn House.
Google Scholar
Rosenthal, B. S. (1998). Non-school correlates of dropout: An integrative review of the literature. Children and Youth Services Review, 20, 413-433.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Rumberger, R. W. (1987). High school dropouts: A review of issues and evidence. Review of Educational Research, 57(2), 101-121.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Rumberger, R., Larson, K. (1998). Student mobility and the increased risk of high school dropout. American Educational Research Journal, 32, 583-625.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Sandefur, G. D., Meier, A. M., Campbell, M. E. (2006). Family resources, social capital, and college attendance. Social science research 35, 525-553.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Schweinhart, L. J., Montie, J., Xiang, Z., Barnett, W. S., Belfield, C. R., Nores, M. (2005). Lifetime effects: The high/scope Perry preschool study through age 40. Ypsilanti, MI: High/Scope Educational Research Foundation.
Google Scholar
Seidman, A. (Ed.). (2005). College student retention: Formula for student success. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood.
Google Scholar
St. John, E. P. (1991). What really influences minority attendance? Sequential analyses of the high school and beyond sophomore cohort. Research in Higher Education, 32(2), 141-158.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Steinberg, L., Blinde, P. L., Chan, K. S. (1984). Dropping out among language minority youth. Review of Educational Research, 54(1), 113-132.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Temple, J. A., Reynolds, A. J., Ou, S. (2004). Grade retention and school dropout: Another look at the evidence. In Walberg, H. J., Reynolds, A. J., Wang, M. C. (Eds.), Can unlike students learn together? Grade retention, tracking and grouping. (pp. 35-69). Greenwich, CT: Information Age.
Google Scholar
Tinto, V. (1993). Leaving college: Rethinking the causes and cures of student attrition (2nd ed.). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Google Scholar
Trusty, J., Robinson, C. R., Plata, M., Ng, K. (2000). Effects of gender, socioeconomic status, and early academic performance on postsecondary educational choice. Journal of Counseling & Development, 78, 463-472.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey . (2007). Educational Attainment in the United States: 2006. Detailed Table 1: 2006 Annual social and economic supplement. Washington, DC: Author.
Google Scholar
U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey . (2008). Educational attainment in the United States: 2007. Detailed Table 1: Annual social and economic supplement. Washington, DC: Author.
Google Scholar
U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics . (2003). Postsecondary attainment, attendance, curriculum, and performance: Selected results from the NELS:88/2000 postsecondary education transcript study (PETS), 2000. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Google Scholar
Wilson, W. J. (1987). The truly disadvantaged: The inner city, the underclass, and the public policy. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Google Scholar
Wolfe, B., Haveman, R. (2001). Accounting for the social and non-market benefits of education. In Helliwell, J. F. (Ed.), The contribution of human and social capital to sustained economic growth and well-being: International symposium report. (pp. 221-250). Quebec City, Quebec, Canada: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and Human Resources Development Canada.
Google Scholar
View access options

My Account

Welcome
You do not have access to this content.



Chinese Institutions / 中国用户

Click the button below for the full-text content

请点击以下获取该全文

Institutional Access

does not have access to this content.

Purchase Content

24 hours online access to download content

Your Access Options


Purchase

EUS-article-ppv for $36.00