We compared the performance of Hispanic students from California, Texas, and Arizona on the two Advanced Placement (AP) English exams (i.e., English Language and Composition and English Literature and Composition) using archival data from the College Board from 1997 through 2012. Pearson chi-square tests yielded statistically significant differences in all 16 comparisons for the English Language and Composition exams and in 15 of the 16 comparisons for the English Literature and Composition exams. Students from Arizona had the highest passing rate in 21 comparisons, California had the highest passing rate in 11 comparisons, and Texas had the lowest passing rate in all 32 comparisons. The majority of Hispanic students who took an AP English exam failed to earn a score that would result in college credit. Implications of our findings are discussed.

American College Testing . (2007). State of college readiness for Latino students. Iowa City, IA: Author.
Google Scholar
Barnes, W., Slate, J. R. (2010). College-readiness: The current state of affairs. Academic Leadership, 8(4). Retrieved from http://contentcat.fhsu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p15732coll4/id/537
Google Scholar
Barnes, W., Slate, J. R. (2011). Ethnic differences in college-readiness rates: A multi-year, statewide study. Education and Urban Society, 20(10), 1-29. doi:10.1177/0013124511423775
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Barnes, W., Slate, J. R., Rojas-LeBouef, A. (2010). College-readiness and academic preparedness: The same concepts? Current Issues in Education, 13(4). Available from http://cie.asu.edu/
Google Scholar
Burris, C. C., Welner, K. G. (2005). Closing the achievement gap by detracking. Phi Delta Kappan, 86, 594-598.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Cline, Z., Bissell, J., Hafner, A., Katz, M. L. (2007). Closing the college readiness gap. Leadership, 37(2), 30-33.
Google Scholar
Cohen, J. (1992). Quantitative methods in psychology: A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155-159. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI
College Board . (2002). Equity policy statement. Retrieved from http://www.sduhsd.net/documents/Parents%20and%20Students/Special%20Programs/Access_Equity_4.10.6.1.pdf
Google Scholar
College Board . (2011). Seventh annual AP report to the nation. Retrieved from http://apreport.collegeboard.org/sites/default/files/downloads/pdfs/AP_RTN_2011.pdf
Google Scholar
Conley, D. T. (2007). The challenge of college readiness. Educational Leadership, 64(7), 1-6.
Google Scholar | ISI
Conley, D. T. (2008a). Rethinking college readiness. The New England Journal of Higher Education, 22(5), 24-26. doi:10.1002/he.321
Google Scholar | Crossref
Conley, D. T. (2008b). What makes a student college ready? Educational Leadership, 66(2). Retrieved from http://www.ascd.org/publications/educational_leadership/oct08/vol66/num02/What_Makes_a_Student_College_Ready%C2%A2.aspx
Google Scholar
Davis, C., Joyner, S. A., Slate, J. R. (2011). Differences in Advanced Placement exam results for Black students across three states. e-International Journal of Educational Research, 2, 87-102.
Google Scholar
Dougherty, C., Mellor, L., Jian, S. (2006). The relationship between Advanced Placement and college graduation: 2005 AP study series Report 1. Austin, TX: National Center for Educational Accountability.
Google Scholar
Dounay, J. (2006, February). High school–Advanced Placement (Policy brief). Denver, CO: Education Commission of the States.
Google Scholar
Ennis, S. R., Rios-Vargas, M., Albert, N. G. (2011, May). The Hispanic population: 2010 Census briefs (Report No. C2010BR-04). Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-04.pdf
Google Scholar
Ewing, M. (2006). The AP program and student outcomes: A summary of research. New York, NY: The College Board.
Google Scholar
Eyring, H. C. (2011). Unexploited efficiencies in higher education. Contemporary Issues in Education Research, 4(7), 1-18.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Fry, R., Gonzales, F. (2008). One-in-five and growing fast: A profile of Hispanic public school students. Washington, DC: Pew Hispanic Center.
Google Scholar
Geiser, S., Santelices, V. (2004). The role of Advanced Placement and honors courses in college admissions. Berkeley: Center for Studies in Higher Education, University of California, Berkeley.
Google Scholar
González, J. M., Szecsy, E. M., Combs, M. C., Reyes, I. (2004). The condition of minority access and participation in Arizona: 2004. Retrieved from http://epsl.asu.edu/aepi/EPSL-0405-108-AEPI.pdf
Google Scholar
Hacker, H. K. (2009, December). More Texas students taking, failing Advanced Placement exams. The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved from http://www.dallasnews.com
Google Scholar
Hargrove, L., Godin, D., Dodd, B. (2008). College outcomes comparisons by AP and non-AP high school experiences. New York, NY: The College Board.
Google Scholar
Hemphill, F. C., Vanneman, A. (2011). Achievement gaps: How Hispanic and White students in public schools perform in mathematics and reading on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NCES 2011-459). Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics. Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/nationsreportcard/pdf/studies/2011459.pdf
Google Scholar
Kaye, R. D. (2006). Progress in Advanced Placement and International Baccalaureate in SREB States. Southern Regional Education Board. Retrieved from http://publications.sreb.org/2006/06E07-Progress_AP_IB.pdf
Google Scholar
Klopfenstein, K. (2004a). Advanced Placement: Do minorities have equal opportunity? Economics of Education Review, 23, 115-131. doi:10.1016/S0272-7757(03)00076-1
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Klopfenstein, K. (2004b). The Advanced Placement expansion of the 1990s: How did traditionally underserved students fare? Education Policy Analysis Archives, 12(68), 1-13.
Google Scholar
Klopfenstein, K. (2010). Does the Advanced Placement Program save taxpayers money? The effect of AP participation on time to college graduation. In Sadler, P. M., Sonnert, G., Tai, R. H., Klopfenstein, K. (Eds.), AP: A critical examination of the Advanced Placement Program (pp. 189-218). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.
Google Scholar
Klopfenstein, K., Thomas, M. K. (2009). The link between Advanced Placement Experience and early college success. The Southern Economic Journal, 75, 873-891.
Google Scholar | ISI
Kober, N. (2001). It takes more than testing: Closing the achievement gap (ED 454358). Washington, DC: Center on Education Policy.
Google Scholar
Lacy, T. (2010). Examining AP: Access, rigor, and revenue in the history of the Advanced Placement Program. In Sadler, P. M., Sonnert, G., Tai, R. H., Klopfenstein, K. (Eds.), AP: A critical examination of the Advanced Placement Program (pp. 17-48). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.
Google Scholar
Lee, J. (2006). Tracking achievement gaps and assessing the impact of NCLB on the gaps: An in-depth look into national and state reading and math outcome trends. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University. Retrieved from http://civilrightsproject.ucla.edu/research/k-12-education/integration-and-diversity/tracking-achievement-gaps-and-assessing-the-impact-of-nclb-on-the-gaps/lee-tracking-achievement-gaps-2006.pdf
Google Scholar
Lewin, T. (2012, March 17). Cuts threaten access to college placement tests. The New York Times. Available from http://www.nytimes.com
Google Scholar
Lichten, W. (2000). Whither Advanced Placement? Education Policy Analysis Archives, 8(29). Retrieved from http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v8n29.html
Google Scholar
Lichten, W. (2007, January 16). Equity and excellence in the College Board Advanced Placement Program. Teachers College Record. Available from http://www.tcrecord.org
Google Scholar
Lichten, W. (2010). Whither Advanced Placement–Now? In Sadler, P. M., Sonnert, G., Tai, R. H., Klopfenstein, K. (Eds.), AP: A critical examination of the Advanced Placement Program (pp. 233-244). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.
Google Scholar
Mattern, K. D., Shaw, E. J., Xiong, X. (2009). The relationship between AP exam performance and college outcomes (College Board Research Report 2009-4). New York: The College Board.
Google Scholar
Merisotis, J., Phipps, R. (2000). Remedial education in college and universities: What’s really going on? The Review of Higher Education, 24, 67-85.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Miksch, K. (2008). Widening the river: Challenging unequal schools in order to contest Proposition 209. Chicana/o-Latina/o Law Review, 27(111), 111-147.
Google Scholar
Moore, G. W., Slate, J. R. (2008). Who’s taking the Advanced Placement courses and how are they doing: A statewide two-year study. The High School Journal, 92(1), 56-67. doi:10.1353/hsj.0.0013
Google Scholar | Crossref
Moore, G. W., Slate, J. R. (2010). Advanced Placement exams and American Indian performance. American Secondary Education, 38(2), 73-94.
Google Scholar
Moore, G. W., Slate, J. R. (2011). A multi-year analysis of Asian gender differences on Advanced Placement exams. International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, 6(4). Retrieved from http://cnx.org/content/m41412/latest/
Google Scholar
Moore, G. W., Slate, J. R., Edmonson, S. L., Combs, J. P., Bustamante, R., Onwuegbuzie, A. J. (2010). High school students and their lack of preparedness for college: A statewide study. Education and Urban Society, 42, 817-838. doi:10.1177/0013124510379619
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Murdock, S. H. (2006). The population of Texas: Historical patterns and future trends affecting education [PowerPoint Slides]. San Antonio, TX: Institute for Demographic and Socioeconomic Research, the University of Texas at San Antonio.
Google Scholar
Murdock, S. H. (2011). Population change in the United States and Texas: Implications for the education, the labor force and economic development. Symposium conducted for the National Association of Latino Elected Officials, San Antonio, TX. Retrieved from http://hobbycenter.rice.edu/Content.aspx?id=2147484115
Google Scholar
Murphy, J. (2009). Closing achievement gaps: Lessons from the last 15 years. Phi Delta Kappan, 91(3), 8-12.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Nugent, S. A., Karnes, F. A. (2002). The Advanced Placement Program and the International Baccalaureate Programme: A history and update. Gifted Child Today, 25(1), 30-39.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Obama, B. H. (2010, August 9). Remarks by the President on higher education and the economy at the University of Texas at Austin [Remarks]. Retrieved from http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2010/08/09/remarks-president-higher-education-and-economy-university-texas-austin
Google Scholar
O’Connell, J. (2006, February 7). State of education [Prepared remarks]. Sacramento, CA: California Department of Education.
Google Scholar
Ouchi, W. G. (1982). Theory Z and the schools. School Administrator, 39, 12-19.
Google Scholar
Palaich, R., Blanco, C., Anderson, A. B., Silverstein, J. S., Myers, J. L. (2006). Financing accelerated learning options: Understanding who benefits and who pays. In Accelerated learning options: Moving the needle on access and success (pp. 57-71). Boulder, CO: Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education.
Google Scholar
Passell, J. S. (2011). Demography of immigrant youth: Past, present, and future. Future of Children, 21(1), 19-41.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI
Reid, M. J., Moore, J. L.. (2008). College readiness and academic preparation for postsecondary education: Oral histories of first-generation urban college students. Urban Education, 43, 240-261. doi:10.1177/0042085907312346
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Rojas-LeBouef, A., Slate, J. R. (2011). Reading and math differences between Hispanic and White students in Texas: A 16-year analysis. International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, 16(2). Retrieved from http://cnx.org/content/m38297/1.3/
Google Scholar
Sadler, P. M. (2010). Advanced Placement in a changing educational landscape. In Sadler, P. M., Sonnert, G., Tai, R. H., Klopfenstein, K. (Eds.), AP: A critical examination of the Advanced Placement Program (pp. 3-16). Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press.
Google Scholar
Santoli, S. P. (2002). Is there an Advanced Placement advantage? American Secondary Education, 30(3), 23-35.
Google Scholar
Solόrzano, D. G., Ornelas, A. (2004). A critical race analysis Advanced Placement classes: A case of educational inequality. Journal of Latinos and Education, 1, 215-229. doi:10.1207/S1532771XJLE0104_2
Google Scholar | Crossref
Spence, D. (2009). State college readiness initiatives and community colleges. New Directions for Community Colleges, 145, 95-101. doi:10.1002/cc.358
Google Scholar | Crossref
Wagner, T. (2008). The global achievement gap: Why even our best schools don’t teach the new survival skills our children need–and what we can do about it. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Google Scholar
Walker, S. A., Pearsall, L. D. (2012). Barriers to Advanced Placement for Latino students at the high-school level. Roeper Review, 34, 12-25. doi:10.1080/0278-3193.2012.627549
Google Scholar | Crossref
Yamamura, E. K., Martinez, M. A., Saenz, V. B. (2010). Moving beyond high school expectations: Examining stakeholders’ responsibility for Latina/o students’ college readiness. The High School Journal, 93, 126-148.
Google Scholar | Crossref
View access options

My Account

Welcome
You do not have access to this content.



Chinese Institutions / 中国用户

Click the button below for the full-text content

请点击以下获取该全文

Institutional Access

does not have access to this content.

Purchase Content

24 hours online access to download content

Your Access Options


Purchase

EUS-article-ppv for $36.00

Article available in:

Related Articles

Citing articles: 0