Abstract
What are some strategies for engaging suburban students in dialogues on diversity in new American metropolis? This question is important, especially at a time when some suburbs are changing from “segregated” to “segregated and diverse,” and scholarship is needed to guide their discussion. This article analyzes efforts by a suburban school district, municipal agency, and a university to collaborate for this purpose. It draws on work with students in metropolitan Detroit, while framing the effort in terms of its wider significance.
Keywords suburban schools, diversity, dialogues, segregation
|
Adkins, A. (2006). With our own two hands: 2006 summer youth dialogues evaluation. Ann Arbor, MI: Michigan Youth and Community Program. Google Scholar | |
|
Aldana, A. (2014). Youth civic engagement: Sociopolitical development in schools with lessons from and for multicultural education (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. Google Scholar | |
|
Branch, T. (2006). Parting the waters: America in the king years 1954-63. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster. Google Scholar | |
|
Chang, S., Gunderson, E., Pandit, S., Richards-Schuster, K., Vails, P. (2005). Creating a new beginning: Young people speak out on race and ethnicity in Metropolitan Detroit. Ann Arbor, MI: Michigan Youth and Community Program. Google Scholar | |
|
Checkoway, B. (2009). Youth civic engagement for dialogue and diversity at the metropolitan level. The Foundation Review, 1, 41-50. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Checkoway, B. (2011). What is youth participation? Children and Youth Services Review, 33, 240-255. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Checkoway, B., Richards-Schuster, K. (2003). Youth participation in community evaluation research. American Journal of Evaluation, 24, 21-33. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Checkoway, B., Richards-Schuster, K. (2006). Youth participation for educational reform in low-income communities of color. In Ginwright, S., Noguera, P., Cammarota, J. (Eds.), Beyond resistance: Youth activism and community change (pp. 319-332). New York, NY: Routledge. Google Scholar | |
|
Clotfelder, C. T. (1977). The Detroit decision and “White flight.” The Journal of Legal Studies, 6, 99-112. Google Scholar | |
|
Darden, J. T., Hill, R. C., Thomas, J., Thomas, R. (1987). Detroit: Race and uneven development. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Darden, J. T., Kamel, S. M. (2000). Black residential segregation in the city and suburbs of Detroit: Does socioeconomic status matter? Journal of Urban Affairs, 22, 1-13. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Davis, G., Neloms, R., Richards-Schuster, K., Yim, J. Y., Yu, S. (2007). Youth dialogues on race and ethnicity in Metropolitan Detroit: 2007 evaluation report. Ann Arbor: Michigan Youth and Community Program. Google Scholar | |
|
Denton, N., Massey, D. S. (1991). Patterns of neighborhood transition in a multiethnic world: U.S. metropolitan areas, 1970-1980. Demography, 28, 41-63. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI | |
|
Dyrness, A. (2011). Mothers united: An immigrant strategy for socially just education. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Farley, R. (1975). Population trends and school segregation in the Detroit metropolitan area. Wayne Law Review, 21, 869-902. Google Scholar | |
|
Farley, R., Danziger, S., Holzer, H. J. (2002). Detroit divided. New York, NY: Russell Sage. Google Scholar | |
|
Farley, R., Schuman, H., Bianchi, S., Colasanto, D., Hatchett, S. (1977). “Chocolate city, vanilla suburbs”: Will the trend toward racially separate communities continue? Social Science Research, 7, 319-344. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Frey, W. H. (2001a). Melting pot suburbs: A census 2000 study of suburban diversity. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution. Google Scholar | |
|
Frey, W. H. (2001b). Micro melting pots. American Demographics, 25, 20-23. Google Scholar | |
|
Frey, W. H., Gerverdt, D. (1998). Changing suburban demographics: Beyond the “Black-White, city-suburb” typology. Ann Arbor: Population Studies Center, University of Michigan. Google Scholar | |
|
Garrow, D. (2004). Bearing the cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. New York, NY: HarperCollins. Google Scholar | |
|
Ginwright, S. (2011). Hope, healing, and care: Pushing the boundaries of civic engagement for African-American youth. Liberal Education, 97, 34-39. Google Scholar | |
|
Gurin, P., Lehman, J., Lewis, E. (2004). Defending diversity: Affrimative action at the University of Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Gurin, P., Nagda, B. A., Lopez, G. E. (2004). The benefits of diversity in education for democratic citizenship. Journal of Social Issues, 60, 17-34. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Gurin, P., Nagda, B. A., Sorensen, N. (2011). Intergroup dialogue: Education for a broad conception of civic engagement. Liberal Education, 97, 46-51. Google Scholar | |
|
Gurin, P., Zúñiga, X., Nagda, B. A. (2013). Dialogue across difference: Practice, theory, and research on intergroup dialogue. New York, NY: Russell Sage. Google Scholar | |
|
Gurin-Sands, C., Gurin, P., Nagda, B. A. (2012). Fostering a commitment to social action: How talking, thinking, and feeling make a difference in intergroup dialogue. Equity & Excellence in Education, 45, 60-79. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Halberstam, D. (1999). The children. New York, NY: Ballantine Books. Google Scholar | |
|
Hamilton, D. K. (1999). Governing metropolitan areas: Response to growth and change. New York, NY: Garland. Google Scholar | |
|
Hanlon, B., Vicino, T., Short, J. R. (2006). The new metropolitan reality in the US: Rethinking the traditional model. Urban Studies, 43, 2129-2143. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Iceland, J. (2004). Beyond Black and White: Metropolitan residential segregation in multiethnic America. Social Science Research, 33, 248-271. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Keeter, S., Taylor, P. (2009). The Millenials. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center. Google Scholar | |
|
Kenyon, A. M. (2004). Dreaming suburbia: Detroit and the production of postwar space and culture. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Khalil, N. (2012). LACO Farmington Public Schools results. Farmington, MI: Farmington Public Schools. Google Scholar | |
|
Kohut, A. (2010). The millennials: Portrait of generation next. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center. Google Scholar | |
|
Kurth-Schai, R. (1988). The role of youth in society: A reconceptualization. Educational Forum, 53, 113-132. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Levine, P. (2007). The future of democracy: Developing the next generation of American citizens. Medford, OR: Tufts University Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Martin, R. A., Wiggins, R., Zumsteg, T. (2009). Learning achievement coalition – Oakland: A three institutional approach to eliminating achievement disparities. Perspectives: A Journal of Research and Opinion About Educational Service Organizations, 15, 39-46. Google Scholar | |
|
Massey, D., Denton, N. (1988). Suburbanization and segregation in U.S. metropolitan areas. American Journal of Sociology, 94, 592-626. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Maxfield, C. R., Thomas, L., Turpin, I. (2010). Learning achievement coalition-Oakland: Uniting students and parents as leaders and contributors to closing gaps in learning. Perspectives, 16, 1-11. Google Scholar | |
|
McAdam, D. (1988). Freedom summer. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Nagda, B. A., Zúñiga, X. (2003). Fostering meaningful racial engagement through intergroup dialogues. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 6, 111-128. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Niedt, C. (Ed.). (2013). Social justice in diverse suburbs: History, politics, and prospects. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Oakes, J., Rogers, J. (2006). Learning power: Organizing for education and justice. New York, NY: Teachers College Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Olander, M., et al. (2007). Attitudes of young people towards diversity. College Park: Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement, University of Maryland. Google Scholar | |
|
Orfield, G. (2013). A new civil rights agenda for American education: Creating opportunity in a stratified multiracial nation. Washington, DC: American Educational Research Association. Google Scholar | |
|
Powell, J. (2005). Understanding the trends that have reshaped Detroit. Columbus: Kirwin Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity, Ohio State University. Google Scholar | |
|
Richards-Schuster, K., Checkoway, B. (2011). Youth participation in public policy at the local level: New lessons from Michigan municipalities. National Civic Review, 98, 26-31. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Seelye, K. (2011). Detroit Census figures confirm a grim desertion like no other. New York Times, March 23, p. A11. Google Scholar | |
|
Seider, S. (2009). Social justice in the suburbs. Educational Leadership, 66, 54-58. Google Scholar | ISI | |
|
Shah, S. (2011). Transformative youth leadership. New York, NY: Funders Collaborative on Youth Organizing. Google Scholar | |
|
Stroughter, L. (2013). Farmington public school district school improvement plan. Lansing: Michigan Department of Education. Google Scholar | |
|
Su, S. (2009). Streetwise for street smarts: Grassroots organizing and educational reform in the Bronx. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Sugrue, T. J. (2005). The origins of the urban crisis: Race and inequality in postwar Detroit. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Taylor, P. (2014). The next America: Boomers, millennials, and the looming generational showdown. Washington, DC: Perseus Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Tefera, A. (2011). Integrating suburban schools: How to benefit from growing diversity and avoid segregation. Los Angeles: Civil Rights Project, University of California. Google Scholar | |
|
Thomas, L.. (2013). LACO Student Engagement Survey 2012-2013. Waterford, MI: Oakland Schools. Google Scholar | |
|
Thompson, M. C., Brett, T. G., Behling, C. (2004). Education for social justice: The program on intergroup relations, conflict, and community at the University of Michigan. In Schoem, D., Hurtado, S. (Eds.), Intergroup dialogue: Deliberative democracy in school, college, community, and workplace. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Torres-Fleming, A., Valdes, P., Pillai, S. (2010). 2010 youth organizing field scan. New York, NY: Funders Collaborative on Youth Organizing. Google Scholar | |
|
Vivyan, E. (2011). Youth dialogues on diversity course evaluation report (Unpublished document). Farmington Hills, MI. Google Scholar | |
|
Warren, M. (2014). Transforming public education: The need for an educational justice movement. New England Journal of Public Policy, 26, 1-13. Google Scholar | |
|
Zukin, C., Keeter, S., Andolina, M., Jenkins, K., Delli Carpini, M. X. (2006). A new engagement? Political participation, civic life, and the changing American citizen. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Zúñiga, X., Nagda, B. A., Chesler, M., Cytron-Walker, A. (2007). Intergroup dialogue in higher education. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Google Scholar |

