![[PDF]](/pb-assets/Icons/adobe-pdf-icon-1498649896243.png){kind=icon}
Abstract
Barriers to mobility, particularly those imposed by state-level licensure procedures have received growing attention in the media and in reform discussions. Much of this attention is driven by shortages of teachers in some regions and subject areas and the fact that barriers to mobility make it more difficult for states to address such shortages by drawing on whatever surplus of labor may exist out of state. But there are reasons to expect that lowering barriers to mobility would be beneficial to the teacher labor market even in the absence of shortages. To the extent that teachers value locational flexibility, lowering barriers to mobility could make the teaching profession more desirable to prospective entrants and reduce attrition among experienced teachers who may opt out of the profession following a move to a new state. The authors describe how licensure procedures and pension systems impose costs on teachers who cross state borders, discuss the evidence on whether teachers are responding to these disincentives to mobility, and consider possible reforms that would lower barriers to teacher mobility.
References
|
Arbury, C., Bonilla, G., Durfee, T., Johnson, M., Lehninger, R. (2015). The ABCs of regulation: The effects of occupational licensing and migration among teachers. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota, Humphrey School of Public Affairs. http://bit.ly/ABCsregulation Google Scholar | |
|
Choi, J.J., Laibson, D., Madrian, B.C. (2004). Plan design and 401(k) savings outcomes. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 10486. www.nber.org/papers/w10486 Google Scholar | |
|
Coggshall, J.G., Sexton, S.K. (2008). Teachers on the move: A look at teacher interstate mobility policy and practice. Washington, DC: National Association of State Directors of Teacher Education and Certification. http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED518859.pdf Google Scholar | |
|
Costrell, R.M., Podgursky, M. (2010, Winter). Golden handcuffs. Education Next, 10 (1), 60–66. Google Scholar | |
|
Darling-Hammond, L., Sykes, G. (2003). Wanted: A national teacher supply policy for education: The right way to meet the “highly qualified teacher” challenge. Education Policy Analysis Archives, 11 (33), 1–55. Google Scholar | |
|
Exstrom, M. (2011). National Board for Professional Teaching Standards certification: What legislators need to know. Denver, CO: National Conference of State Legislatures. Google Scholar | |
|
Felton, E. (2016, 8 30). States loosen teacher-licensure rules amid shortage fears. Education Week. http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/teacherbeat/2016/08/states_loosen_teacher_licensure_shortages.html Google Scholar | |
|
Goldhaber, D., Grout, C. (2016, 8). Pension choices and the savings patterns of public school teachers. Education Finance and Policy, 11 (4), 449–481. http://doi.org/10.1162/edfp_a_00208 Google Scholar | |
|
Goldhaber, D., Grout, C., Holden, K.L. (2016). Pension structure and employee turnover: Evidence from a large public pension system. ILR Review, 1–32. http://doi.org/10.1177/0019793916678424 Google Scholar | |
|
Goldhaber, D., Grout, C., Holden, K.L., Brown, N. (2015). Crossing the border? Exploring the cross-state mobility of the teacher workforce. Educational Researcher, 44 (8), 421–431. http://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X15613981 Google Scholar | |
|
Johnson, J., Kleiner, M.M. (2015). Does occupational licensing reduce interstate migration? Kalamazoo, MI: W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. Google Scholar | |
|
McGee, J., Winters, M.A. (2015, Winter). Modernizing teacher pensions. National Affairs, 2015, 107–123. Google Scholar | |
|
National Education Association (NEA) . (2016). Characteristics of large public education pension plans. Washington, DC: Author. Google Scholar | |
|
Sawchuk, S. (2015, 5 13). Minnesota lawsuit raises questions about teacher-licensure portability. Education Week, 34 (30), 6–7. www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2015/05/13/minn-lawsuit-raises-questions-about-teacher-licensure-portabilit.html Google Scholar | |
|
Star Tribune Editorial Board . (2016, 1 21). Open more pathways for teacher licensing in Minnesota. Minneapolis Star Tribune. www.startribune.com/open-more-pathways-for-teacher-licensing-in-minnesota/366133981/ Google Scholar | |
|
Wastvedt, S. (2016, 8 16). Appeals court: Teacher licensing lawsuit can proceed. MPR News. www.mprnews.org/story/2016/08/10/teaching-board-licensure-lawsuit-can-proceed Google Scholar |
