Abstract
A firm grounding in change theory can provide educational leaders with an opportunity to orchestrate meaningful organizational improvements. This article provides an opportunity for practicing leaders to review four major theories of organizational change—continuous improvement, two approaches to organizational learning, and appreciative inquiry. These four theories were selected because of their emergence within the field of education, possible adaptability to school systems, and potential to support organizational change. Such theories can provide clear guidelines for successful organizational transformation, promote effective change management, and facilitate operative decision making.
|
Argyris, C., Schön, D. A. (1996). Organizational learning II: Theory, method, and practice. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Google Scholar | |
|
City, E. A., Elmore, R. F., Fiarman, S. E., Teitel, L. (2009). Instructional rounds in education: A network approach to improving teaching and learning. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Cooperrider, D. L., Whitney, D. (2007). Appreciative inquiry: A positive revolution in change. In Holman, P., Devane, T., Cady, S. (Eds.), The change handbook: The definitive resource on today’s best methods for engaging whole systems (2nd ed., pp. 73-88). San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler. Google Scholar | |
|
Cooperrider, D. L., Whitney, D., Stavros, J. M. (2005). Appreciative inquiry handbook: The first in a series of AI workbooks for leaders of change. Brunswick, OH: Crown. Google Scholar | |
|
Danielson, C., McGreal, T. L. (2000). Teacher evaluation to enhance professional practice. Alexandria, VA: ASCD. Google Scholar | |
|
Deming, W. E. (2000). Out of the crisis. Cambridge: MIT Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Evans, L. M. (2010). The congruence of mental models amongst district and site level administrators of walkthroughs as a vehicle for system-wide school improvement. (Doctoral dissertation). Available from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses database. (UMI No. 3404728) Google Scholar | |
|
Evans, L. M., Thornton, B., Usinger, J. (2010). Shared vision or collective assumptions? A study of educational leaders’ perceptions of walkthroughs. International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, 5(4). http://www.ncpeapublications.org/volume-5-number-4-july-september-2010/227-shared-vision-or-collective-assumptions-a-study-of-educational-leaders-perceptions-of-walkthroughs.html Google Scholar | |
|
Fullan, M. (2008a). The six secrets of change: What the best leaders do to help their organizations survive and thrive. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass Google Scholar | |
|
Fullan, M. (2008b). What’s worth fighting for in the principalship (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Teachers College Press Google Scholar | |
|
Gagliardi, P. (1986). The creation and change of organizational culture: A conceptual framework. Organization Studies, 7, 117-134. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Greenwood, R., Hinings, C. R. (1996). Understanding radical organizational change: Bringing together the old and the new institutionalism. Academy of Management Review, 21, 1022-1054. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Hamayan, E., Marler, B., Sanchez-Lopez, C., Damico, J. (2007). Special education considerations for English language learners: Delivering a continuum of services. Philadelphia, PA: Caslon. Google Scholar | |
|
Hammond, S. A. (1998). The thin book of appreciative inquiry (2nd ed.). Bend, OR: Thin Book. Google Scholar | |
|
Hargreaves, A., Shirley, D. (2009). The fourth way: The inspiring future for educational change. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Kelemen, M. L. (2003). Managing quality: Managerial and critical perspectives. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Google Scholar | |
|
Knowles, M. (1980). The modem practice of adult education: From pedagogy to andragogy. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Google Scholar | |
|
Marzano, R. J., Frontier, T., Livingston, D. (2011). Effective supervision: Supporting the art and science of teaching. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Google Scholar | |
|
Militello, M., Rallis, S. F., Goldring, E. B. (2009). Leading with inquiry and action: How principals improve teaching and learning. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Pallot, J. (1992). Elements of a theoretical framework for public sector accounting. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 5(1), 38-50. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Reeves, D. B. (2010). Transforming professional development into student results. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Google Scholar | |
|
Schrum, L., Levin, B. B. (2009). Leading 21st century schools: Harnessing technology for engagement and achievement. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Senge, P. M. (2006). The fifth discipline: The art & practice of the learning organization. New York, NY: Doubleday. Google Scholar | |
|
Sparks, D. (1994). A paradigm shift in staff development. Journal of Staff Development, 15(4), 26-29. Google Scholar | |
|
Spillane, J. P. (2000). Cognition and policy implementation: District policymakers and the reform of mathematics education. Cognition and Instruction, 18, 141-179. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Wellman, B., Lipton, L. (2004). Data-driven dialogue: A facilitator’s guide to collaborative inquiry. Sherman, CT: MiraVia. Google Scholar | |
|
Whitney, D. (2004). Appreciative inquiry and the elevation of organizational consciousness. In Cooperrider, D. L., Avital, M. (Eds.), Advances in appreciative inquiry: Vol 1. Constructive discourse and human organization (pp. 125-145). Oxford, England: Elsevier. Google Scholar | Crossref |

