Abstract
Applied violin instructors at the postsecondary level often implement remedial pedagogy with incoming first-year students in order to address technical/musical habits or deficiencies. As students strive to alter their technique, resistance to change and low self-efficacy often result. Using a descriptive qualitative multiple case study research design, 10 postsecondary violin instructors from across North America were interviewed to gain insight into their personal perspectives and experiences implementing remedial pedagogy with first-year violin students. The interview data and external data sources were analyzed through the theoretical framework of attribution theory and teacher attribution scaffolding theory.
The results indicate that many participants address correction through effective communication, based on the individual physiological/psychological wellbeing of every student, their level of self-efficacy, motivation, resistance to change, and postsecondary expectations. The pedagogical expertise and applied experiences presented in this study should inform current and future violin pedagogues about how to effectively address technical/musical deficiencies so that the wellbeing of students remains a priority throughout the remedial process.
|
Atlas, G., Taggart, T., Goodell, D. (2004). The effects of sensitivity to criticism on motivation and performance in music students. British Journal of Music Education, 21(1), 81–87. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0265051703005540 Google Scholar | |
|
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-effiacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI | |
|
Berg, L. , (2008). Qualitative research methods for the social sciences (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon. Google Scholar | |
|
Bernhard, C. (2010). A survey of burnout among college music majors: A replication. Music and Health, 3(1), 31–41. Google Scholar | |
|
Bernstein, S. (2001). To what degree should we go? Piano & Keyboard, 208, 45–49. Google Scholar | |
|
Brenner, B. (2010). Reflecting on the rationales for string study in schools. Philosophy of Music Education Review, 18(1), 45–64. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Burland, K., Pitts, S. (2007). Becoming a music student: Investigating the skills and attitudes of students beginning a music degree. Arts and Humanities in Higher Education, 6(3), 289–308. doi:10.1177/1474022207080847 Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Burt, R., Mills, J. (2006). Taking the plunge: The hopes and fears of students as they begin music college. British Journal of Music Education, 23(1), 51–73. doi:10.1017/S0265051705006741 Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Burwell, K. (2013). Apprenticeship in music: A contextual study for instrumental teaching and learning. International Journal of Music Education, 31(3), 276–291. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Burwell, K. (2015). Dissonance in the studio: An exploration of tensions within the apprenticeship setting in higher education music. International Journal of Music Education. doi:10.1177/0255761415574124 Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Carey, G., Grant, C. (2015). Teacher and student perspectives on one-to-one pedagogy: Practices and possibilities. British Journal of Music Education, 32(1), 5–22. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Clapp, S. (2012). Violin handbook for students of Stephen Clapp. New York, NY: The Juilliard School. Google Scholar | |
|
Creech, A., Hallam, S. (2010). Interpersonal interaction within the violin teaching studio: The influence of interpersonal dynamics on outcomes for teachers. Psychology of Music, 38(4), 403–421. doi:10.1177/0305735609351913 Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Creech, A., Papageorgi, I., Duffy, C., Morton, F., Haddon, E., Potter, J., …Welch, G. (2008). From music student to professional: The process of transition. British Journal of Music Education, 25(3), 315–331. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Creswell, J. (2013). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Google Scholar | |
|
Duke, R., Henninger, J. (2002). Teachers’ verbal corrections and observers’ perceptions of teaching and learning. Journal of Research in Music Education, 50(1), 75–87. doi:10.2307/3345694 Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Edwards, K., Hershberger, P., Russell, R., Market, R. (2001). Stress, negative social exchange, and health symptoms in university students. Journal of American College Health, 50(2), 75–79. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI | |
|
Fredrickson, W. (2007). Perceptions of college-level music performance majors teaching applied music lessons to young students. International Journal of Music Education, 25(1), 72–80. doi:10.1177/0255761407074893 Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Galamian, I. (1999). Principles of violin playing and teaching (3rd ed.). Ann Arbor, MI: Shar. Google Scholar | |
|
Gaunt, H. (2010). One-to-one tuition in a conservatoire: The perceptions of instrumental and vocal teachers. Psychology of Music, 38(2), 178–208. doi:10.1177/0305735609339467 Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Gaunt, H. (2011). Understanding the one-to-one relationship in instrumental/vocal tuition in higher education: Comparing student and teacher perceptions. British Journal of Music Education, 28(2), 159–179. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Gay, L., Mills, G., Airasian, P. (2009). Educational research: Competencies for analysis and applications (9th ed.). Columbus, OH: Pearson. Google Scholar | |
|
Gillespie, R. (1991). String teachers’ diagnostic skills and their students’ performance competencies. Journal of Research in Music Education, 39(4), 282–289. doi:10.2307/3345747 Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Hallam, S. (2002). Musical motivation: Towards a model synthesising the research. Music Education Research, 4(2), 225–244. doi:10.1080/1461380022000011939 Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Hanken, I. (2011). Student evaluation of teaching from the actors’ perspective. Quality in Higher Education, 17(2), 245–256. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Hargreaves, D., Marshall, N., North, A. (2003). Music education in the twenty-first century: A psychological perspective. British Journal of Music Education, 20(2), 147–163. doi:10.1017/S0265051703005357 Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Hays, T. (2012). Preparing the next generation of professional musicians. Australian Kodaly Journal, 17–26. Google Scholar | |
|
Jacobs, S., Dodd, D. (2003). Student burnout as a function of personality, social support, and workload. Journal of College Student Development, 44, 291–303. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Jinks, J., Lorsbach, A. (2003). Introduction: Motivation and self-efficacy belief. Reading and Writing Quarterly, 19: 113–118. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Kennell, R. (2002). Systematic research in studio instruction in music. In Colwell, R., Richardson, C. (Eds.), The new handbook of research on music teaching and learning (pp. 243–256). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Kingsbury, H. (2010). Music, talent, and performance: A conservatory cultural system. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Kitzrow, M. (2003). The mental health needs of today’s college students: Challenges and recommendations. NASPA Journal, 41(1), 165–179. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Kreutz, G., Ginsborg, J., Williamon, A. (2008). Health-promoting behaviours in conservatoire students. Psychology of Music, 37(1), 47–60. doi:10.1177/0305735607086047 Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Lewis, B. (2010a, October 18). Pasha Sabouri interviews professor Brian Lewis [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iStf78orimI Google Scholar | |
|
Lewis, B. (2010b, December 17). Brian Lewis, part 2 [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66W7G0j3zCc Google Scholar | |
|
Lowe, H., Cook, A. (2003). Mind the gap: Are students prepared for higher education? Journal of Further and Higher Education, 27(1), 53–76. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Maslow, A. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
McCormick, J., McPherson, G. (2003). The role of self-efficacy in a musical performance examination: An exploratory structural equation analysis. Psychology of Music, 31(1), 37–51. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
McPherson, G., Evans, P. (2015). Identity and practice: The motivational benefits of a long-term musical identity. Psychology of Music, 43(3), 407–422. doi:10.1177/0305735613514471 Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
McPherson, G., McCormick, J. (2006). Self-efficacy and music performance. Psychology of Music, 34(3), 322–336. doi:10.1177/0305735606064841 Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Merriam, S. (2001). Qualitative research and case study applications in education (2nd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Google Scholar | |
|
Mills, J., Smith, J. (2003). Teachers’ beliefs about effective instrumental teaching in schools and higher education. British Journal of Music Education, 20(1), 5–27. doi:10.1017/S0265051702005260 Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Mishler, E. (1999). Storylines: Craftartists’ narratives of identity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Nerland, M., Hanken, I. (2004, June 17–19). Apprenticeship in late modernity: Trust as a critical but challenged dimension in teacher-student relationships. Paper presented to the Professionalism, Trust, and Competence conference, Oslo University College, Centre for the Study of Professions, Oslo, Norway. Google Scholar | |
|
Pajares, F. (1996). Self-efficacy in academic settings. Review of Educational Research, 66(4), 543–578. doi:10.3102/00346543066004543 Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Pajares, F., Schunk, D. (2001). The development of academic self-efficacy. In Wigfield, A., Eccles, J. (Eds.), Development of achievement motivation (pp. 1–27). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Pitts, S. (2003). What do students learn when we teach music? An investigation of the “hidden” curriculum in a university music department. Arts and Humanities in Higher Education, 2(3), 281–292. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Presland, C. (2005). Conservatoire student and instrumental professor: The student perspective on a complex relationship. British Journal of Music Education, 22(3), 237–248. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0265051705006558 Google Scholar | |
|
Purser, D. (2005). Performers as teachers: Exploring the teaching approaches of instrumental teachers in conservatoires. British Journal of Music Education, 22(3), 287–298. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Rolland, P. (1974). The teaching of action in string playing. New York: NY: Alfred Music Publishing. Google Scholar | |
|
Schunk, D., Miller, S. (2002). Self-efficacy and adolescents’ motivation. In Pajares, F., Urdan, T. (Eds.), Academic motivation of adolescents (pp. 29–52). Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing. Google Scholar | |
|
Schunk, D., Pajares, F. (2002). The development of academic self-efficacy. In Wigfield, A., Eccles, J.S. (Eds.), Development of achievement motivation (pp. 15–31). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Smith, B. (2005). Goal orientation, implicit theory of ability, and collegiate instrumental music practice. Psychology of Music, 33(1), 36–57. doi:10.1177/0305735605048013 Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Smith, K. (2002). School to university: Sunlit steps, or stumbling in the dark? Arts and Humanities in Higher Education, 2(1), 90–98. doi:10.1177/1474022203002001008 Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Sternbach, D. (2008). Stress in the lives of music students. Music Educators Journal, 94(3), 42–48. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Weiner, B. (1974). Achievement motivation and attribution theory. Morristown, NJ: General Learning Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Weiner, B. (2006). Social motivation, justice, and the moral emotions: An attributional approach. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Williamon, A., Thompson, S. (2006). Awareness and incidence of health problems among conservatoire students. Psychology of Music, 34(4), 411–430. doi:10.1177/0305735606067150 Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Yin, R. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Google Scholar | |
|
Zweig, M. (2008). Mimi Zweig StringPedagogy. [DVD]. Available from http://www.stringpedagogy.com Google Scholar |

