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Abstract
The main aim of the present study was to examine state levels of loneliness in adolescence. Both concurrent associations and temporal dynamics between social contexts and state levels of loneliness were examined. Data were collected from 286 adolescents (Mage = 14.19 years, 59% girls) by using the Experience Sampling Method. Results showed that adolescents had higher levels of state loneliness when they were alone, compared with being with company. When adolescents were with others, they were most lonely at school and with classmates. Adolescents showed a relief effect when they entered the company of friends after being alone, whereas a spillover effect of solitude was found when adolescents entered the company of family after being alone. Our findings show the dynamics of state loneliness, in that being with classmates increases state loneliness, whereas being with friends reduces loneliness after being alone.
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Author Biographies
Eeske van Roekel is a postdoctoral researcher at the Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation of the University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands. She received her PhD from Radboud University Nijmegen. . Her main research interests include adolescents’ internalizing problems, genetic influences, and daily life processes.
Ron H. J. Scholte is a professor at the Behavioural Science Institute of the Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands. His main research interest focuses on adolescents’ and young adults’ social development.
Rutger C. M. E. Engels is a professor at the Behavioural Science Institute of the Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands. He received his PhD at Maastricht University. His main research interests concern adolescents’ health risk behaviors.
Luc Goossens is a professor at the Research Group School Psychology and Child and Adolescent Development of the Catholic University Leuven, Belgium. He received his PhD in developmental psychology from the Catholic University Leuven, Belgium. Current research interests include genetic processes, adolescent identity, autonomy, and loneliness.
Maaike Verhagen is an assistant professor at the Behavioural Science Institute of the Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands. She received her PhD at the Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre. Her main research interests include genetic influences on internalizing behaviors in adolescents and adults.
