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Abstract
The current study tested the prospective relations (6-month lag) between three aspects of the parent-child relationship at Time 1 (T1) and adolescents’ explanatory styles at Time 2 (T2): caregiving behaviors, parents’ explanatory style for their own negative events, and parents’ explanatory style for their children’s negative events. The sample included 129 adolescents aged 11 to 14 years at baseline and their parents. Adolescents reported on their own explanatory style and their parents’ caregiving behaviors; parents self-reported on their caregiving behaviors and their explanatory style for their own and their children’s events. Regression analyses identified maternal acceptance as a significant predictor of T2 adolescents’ explanatory style. Marginal effects emerged for fathers’ psychological control and fathers’ explanatory style for their children’s events. Findings suggest that the ways parents—especially mothers—interact with their children may play a role in adolescents’ cognitive vulnerability to depression.
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Author Biographies
Clorinda E. Vélez is an assistant professor in the Department of Psychology at Quinnipiac University. She completed her doctoral training in clinical psychology at Arizona State University, and her post-doctoral training at the University of Delaware and Swarthmore College. Her research has focused on risk and protective factors explaining variability in youth’s responses to stress, depression prevention, parenting as a protective resource for youth, and the socialization of youth’s coping efforts.
Elizabeth D. Krause is a lecturer at the University of Pennsylvania in the Department of Psychology, a visiting assistant professor in the Department of Psychology at Swarthmore College, and a clinical psychologist specializing in women’s mental health. She received her doctoral degree from Duke University. Her research interests include gender and psychopathology, and risk and protective factors for the development of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder following stressful life events.
Steven M. Brunwasser is a post-doctoral research fellow at Vanderbilt University. He completed his doctoral training at the University of Michigan Department of Psychology in 2012. His research focuses on the development, prevention, and treatment of depression in youth.
Derek R. Freres received a BA in psychology and an MA in communications from the University of Pennsylvania. His research interests include quantitative methods, advanced statistical analysis, and depression prevention in adolescents.
Rachel M. Abenavoli received her bachelor’s degree from Fairfield University and is currently a doctoral student in the Department of Human Development and Family Studies at Pennsylvania State University. Her research focuses on school-based and family-based intervention approaches to the promotion of social and emotional competence in children and adolescents.
Jane E. Gillham is a clinical psychologist, educator, and researcher whose work focuses on social and emotional well-being in children and adolescents. She is an associate professor of psychology at Swarthmore College and co-director of the University of Pennsylvania’s Penn Resiliency Project. For the past 20 years, much of her work has focused on developing, evaluating, and disseminating programs that are designed to promote well-being in children, adolescents, and their families.
