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Abstract
Using structural equation modeling, we examined the relationship of Hispanicism on recent substance use and whether Americanism moderated the effect in a sample of 1,141 Hispanic adolescents. The Bicultural Involvement Questionnaire (BIQ) was used to determine the degree of individual comfort in both Hispanic (Hispanicism) and American (Americanism) cultures. Hispanicism was associated with greater family functioning (β = .36, p < .05) and school bonding (β = .31, p < .01); Americanism moderated the effect of Hispanicism on substance use (β = .92, p < .01). Findings suggest that Hispanic culture was protective against substance use; however, those effects differed depending on level of Americanism.
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Author Biographies
Marcos J. Martinez is an assistant professor in the College of Public Health and Social Work at Florida International University. He is a former research associate at the Southwest Interdisciplinary Research Center at Arizona State University and past National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), Interdisciplinary Research Training Institute (IRTI) fellow. His overall research interests include the intersectionality between socio-cultural, familial, and developmental processes in drug use and other risk behavior among Latino and American Indian youth and families. He is specifically interested in culturally adapting prevention/interventions targeting these at risk populations.
Shi Huang is a biostatistician at Vanderbilt University. He is a former associate scientist at the University of Miami where he served or is currently serving as the leading biostatistician and methodologist in multiple National Institutes of Health (NIH)- and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)- funded randomized clinical trials to examine Familias Unidas, a family-based prevention program, in preventing HIV risky behaviors (i.e., substance use and risky sex) among Hispanic youth. In all of these studies, he has contributed (and continues to contribute) to the study design, power calculations, and analysis plan. He has conducted the analyses for major studies as well as prepared the results sections for major studies published in JAMA Pediatrics, Prevention Science, and the Journal of Consulting Clinical Psychology. He is versed in advanced methodology techniques, including growth curve models and latent mixture models, and is a member of the Prevention Science Methodology Group and the Society for Prevention Research.
Yannine Estrada has a doctoral degree in counseling psychology. Her overarching interests involve the role of cultural variables in the prevention of health disparities among the Hispanic population. Specifically, her focus has been on the prevention of substance use and HIV infection among Hispanic adolescents through employment of family-based interventions. Currently, she is the principal investigator of a CDC mentored grant involving the Internet adaptation of Familias Unidas, a family-based substance abuse/HIV preventive intervention for Hispanic youth.
Madeline Y. Sutton is an obstetrician/gynecologist and medical epidemiologist who is currently serving as the lead for the Minority Health and Health Equity Research Activity in the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention at the CDC. Her main research areas at CDC are in racial/ethnic disparities in HIV; sexually transmitted diseases (STDs); mentoring historically underrepresented, minority scientists; women’s health issues; and adolescent sex health issues.
Guillermo Prado is currently the dean of the Graduate School at the University of Miami. He is also the Miller professor of public health sciences in the Department of Public Health Sciences at the University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine. He is a prevention scientist with extensive experience in health disparities research and prevention intervention science. His program of research has been continuously funded by the NIH since the first year of his doctoral program when he received an R03. His accomplishments in health disparities and prevention science have been recognized by numerous organizations, including the Society for Prevention Research, the Society for Research on Adolescence, the National Hispanic Science Network, and the Miami Herald.
