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Abstract
Construct bias was examined among 316 Singapore and U.S. adolescents on the Narcissistic Personality Questionnaire for Children–Revised (NPQC-R). The NPQC-R consists of two (Superiority and Exploitativeness) factors. Results from multigroup confirmatory factor analyses indicated partial strong invariance on the NPQC-R across culture and strong invariance across gender. These results do not provide support for the presence of construct bias in the NPQC-R across culture and gender in our sample of Singapore and U.S. adolescents, ages 12 to 14. Furthermore, examination of latent means indicated that U.S. students reported higher levels of Superiority compared with Singapore students, but no significant difference was found in the levels of Exploitativeness between Singapore and U.S. students. In addition, males and females had similar levels of Superiority and Exploitativeness. Implications of the findings of the study are discussed.
Keywords NPQC-R, narcissism, construct bias, culture, gender
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Author Biographies
Stephen W. Loke, PhD, is a school psychologist at the Independence School District. His research interests are in the areas of developmental psychopathology, including anxiety and aggression, socioemotional/behavioral characteristics of children and adolescents with autism, and self-determination in individuals with disabilities.
Patricia A. Lowe, PhD, is an associate professor in the Department of Educational Psychology at the University of Kansas. Her research interests are in the areas of general and test anxiety and developmental psychopathology.
Rebecca P. Ang, PhD, is an associate professor at Psychological Studies Academic Group, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University. Her research interests include developmental psychopathology, and in particular antisocial and aggressive behavior, and related prevention and intervention work.
