Abstract
Direct measures (tests) of the pedagogical effectiveness of team testing and indirect measures (student surveys) of pedagogical effectiveness of team testing were collected in several sections of an undergraduate marketing course with varying levels of the use of team testing. The results indicate that although students perceived team testing to have a substantial impact on their learning, this pedagogy in fact had no impact on direct measures of learning. In an additional analysis, the performance of the team on the group test was best predicted by the best individual performance on the team. Possible explanations and directions for future research are discussed.
|
AACSB International . (2010). Eligibility procedures and accreditation standards for business accreditation. Retrieved from http://www.aacsb.edu/accreditation/business/STANDARDS.pdf Google Scholar | |
|
Abrami, P. C., Leventhal, L., Perry, R. P. (1982). Educational seduction. Review of Educational Research, 52, 446-464. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Bacon, D. R. (2003). Assessing learning outcomes: A comparison of multiple-choice and short-answer questions in a marketing context. Journal of Marketing Education, 25, 31-36. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Bacon, D. R. (2004). The contributions of reliability and pretests to effective assessment. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 9(3). Retrieved from http://PAREonline.net/getvn.asp?v=9&n=3 Google Scholar | |
|
Bacon, D. R. (2005). The effect of group projects on content- related learning outcomes. Journal of Management Education, 29, 248-267. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Bacon, D. R., Bean, B. (2006). GPA in research studies: An invaluable but neglected opportunity. Journal of Marketing Education, 28, 35-42. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Bacon, D. R., Paul, P., Johnson, C., Conley, T. (2008). Improving writing through the marketing curriculum: A longitudinal study. Journal of Marketing Education, 30, 217-225. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Bacon, D. R., Stewart, K. A. (2006). How fast do students forget what they learn in consumer behavior? A longitudinal study. Journal of Marketing Education, 28, 181-192. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Bacon, D. R., Stewart, K. A., Stewart-Belle, S. (1998). Exploring predictors of student team project performance. Journal of Marketing Education, 20, 63-71. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Bargh, J. A., Schul, Y. (1980). On the cognitive benefits of teaching. Journal of Educational Psychology, 72, 593-604. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Benek-Rivera, J., Mathews, V. E. (2004). Active learning with Jeopardy: Students ask the questions. Journal of Management Education, 28, 104-118. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Berry, J., Nyman, M. A. (2002). Small-group assessment methods in mathematics. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 33, 641-649. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Billington, R. (1994). Effects of collaborative test taking on retention in eight third-grade mathematics classes. Elementary School Journal, 95(1), 23-31. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Clayson, D. E. (2009). Student evaluations of teaching: Are they related to what students learn? A meta-analysis and review of the literature. Journal of Marketing Education, 31, 16-30. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Clayson, D. E., Haley, D. A. (1990). Student evaluations in marketing: What is actually being measured? Journal of Marketing Education, 12, 9-17. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Cohen, P. A. (1981). Student ratings of instruction and student achievement: A meta-analysis of multisection validity studies. Review of Educational Research, 51, 281-309. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Dallmer, D. (2004). Collaborative test taking with adult learners. Adult Learning, 15(3/4), 4-7. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Ebbinghaus, H. (1964). Memory: A contribution to experimental psychology. New York, NY: Dover. (Original work published 1885) Google Scholar | |
|
Fraser, S. C., Beaman, A. L., Diener, E., Kelem, R. T. (1977). Two, three, or four heads are better than one: Modification of college performance by peer mentoring. Journal of Educational Psychology, 69, 101-108. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Gabbert, B., Johnson, D. W., Johnson, R. T. (1986). Cooperative learning, group-to-individual transfer, process gain, and the acquisition of cognitive reasoning strategies. Journal of Psychology, 120, 265-278. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Hamer, L. O. (2000). The additive effects of semistructured classroom activities on student learning: An application of classroom-based experiential learning techniques. Journal of Marketing Education, 22, 25-34. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Heider, F. (1976). A conversation with Fritz Heider. In Harvey, J. H., Ickes, W. J., Kidd, R. F. (Eds.), New directions in attribution research (Vol. 1, pp. 1-18). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum. Google Scholar | |
|
Hernandez, S. A. (2002). Team learning in a marketing principles course: Cooperative structures that facilitate active learning and higher level thinking. Journal of Marketing Education, 24, 73-85. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Johnson, D. W., Johnson, R. T. (2002). Social interdependence theory and university instruction: Theory into practice. Swiss Journal of Psychology, 61, 119-129. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Karns, G. L. (1993). Marketing student perceptions of learning activities: Structure, preferences and effectiveness. Journal of Marketing Education, 15(1), 3-10. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Karns, G. L. (2005). An update of marketing student perceptions of learning activities: Structure, preferences, and effectiveness. Journal of Marketing Education, 27, 163-171. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Kennedy, E. J., Lawton, L., Plumlee, E. L. (2002). Blissful ignorance: The problem of unrecognized incompetence and academic performance. Journal of Marketing Education, 24, 243-252. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Mallinger, M. (1998). Maintaining control in the classroom by giving up control. Journal of Management Education, 22, 472-483. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
McCorkle, D. E., Reardon, J., Alexander, J. F., Kling, N. D., Harris, R. C., Iyer, R. V. (1999). Undergraduate marketing students, group projects, and teamwork: The good, the bad, and the ugly? Journal of Marketing Education, 21, 106-117. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
McIntyre, S. H., Munson, J. M. (2008). Exploring cramming: Student behaviors, beliefs and learning retention in the principles of marketing course. Journal of Marketing Education, 30, 226-243. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Metcalf, L. E. (2010). Creating international community service learning experiences in a capstone marketing projects course. Journal of Marketing Education, 32, 155-171. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Michaelsen, L. K., Black, R. H. (1994). Building learning teams: The key to harnessing the power of small groups in higher education. In Kadel, S., Keehner, J. (Eds.), Collaborative learning: A sourcebook for higher education (Vol. 2, pp. 65-81). State College, PA: National Center for Teaching, Learning, and Assessment. Google Scholar | |
|
Naftulin, D. H., Ware, J. E., Donnelly, F. A. (1973). The Doctor Fox lecture: A paradigm of educational seduction. Journal of Medical Education, 48, 630-635. Google Scholar | Medline | |
|
Nowak, L. I., Miller, S. W. (1996). Team testing increases performance. Journal of Education for Business, 71, 253-256. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory (2nd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Google Scholar | |
|
Paladino, A. (2008). Creating an interactive and responsive teaching environment to inspire learning. Journal of Marketing Education, 30, 185-188. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Pfaff, E., Huddleston, P. (2003). Does it matter if I hate teamwork? What impacts student attitudes toward teamwork. Journal of Marketing Education, 25, 37-45. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Rao, S. P., Collins, H. L., DiCarlo, S. E. (2002). Collaborative testing enhances student learning. Advances in Physiology Education, 26(1), 37-41. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | |
|
Revere, L., Elden, M., Bartsch, R. (2008). Designing group examinations to decrease social loafing and increase learning. International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 2(1). Retrieved from http://academics.georgiasouthern.edu/ijsotl/v2n1/articles/Revere-Elden-Bartsch/Article_Revere-Elden-Bartsch.pdf Google Scholar | |
|
Rusth, D. B. (2000). Student teams and learning achievement. Journal of Business Education, 1, 18-23. Google Scholar | |
|
Sax, G. (1997). Principles of educational and psychological measurement and evaluation (4th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Google Scholar | |
|
Schaffer, C. M. (1995). The use of the team learning approach in selected marketing courses. Marketing Education Review, 5, 41-50. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Sitzmann, T., Ely, K., Brown, K., Bauer, K. (2010). Self-assessment of knowledge: A cognitive learning or affective measure? Academy of Management Learning & Education, 9, 169-191. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Skilton, P. F., Forsyth, D., White, O. J. (2008). Interdependence and integration learning in student project teams: Do team project assignments achieve what we want them to? Journal of Marketing Education, 30, 57-65. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Slavin, R. E. (1988). Cooperative learning and student achievement. Educational Leadership, 46(2), 31-33. Google Scholar | ISI | |
|
Slusser, S. R., Erickson, R. J. (2006). Group quizzes: An extension of the collaborative learning process. Teaching Sociology, 34, 249-262. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Stark, G. (2006). Stop “going over” exams! The multiple benefits of team exams. Journal of Management Education, 30, 818-827. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Strijbos, J. W. (2000). A classification model for group-based learning. European Journal of Open and Distance Learning. Retrieved from http://www.eurodl.org/materials/contrib/2000/strijbos/strijbos.html Google Scholar | |
|
Strong, J. T., Anderson, R. E. (1990). Free-riding in group projects: Control mechanisms and preliminary data. Journal of Marketing Education, 12(2), 61-67. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Student profiles . (2011). Retrieved from http://www.du.edu/explore/studentprofiles.html Google Scholar | |
|
Webb, N. J., Grib, T. F. (1967). Teaching process as a learning experience: The experimental use of student-led groups (Final Report No. HE-000-882). Washington, DC: Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Google Scholar | |
|
Williams, D. L., Beard, J. D., Rymer, J. (1991). Team projects: Achieving their full potential. Journal of Marketing Education, 13(2), 45-53. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Zimbardo, P. G., Butler, L. D., Wolfe, V. A. (2003). Cooperative college examinations: More gain, less pain when students share information and grades. Journal of Experimental Education, 71, 101-125. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |

