Abstract
Recent years have seen a significant increase in the importance of environmental protection and sustainability to consumers, policy makers, and society in general. Reflecting this, most organizations are at least aware of this new agenda and wish to be seen as taking steps to improve behaviors in this regard. However, there appears to be a gap between this evolving agenda and the comparatively low level of knowledge that marketing managers actually have of the environmental impact of their own functional decisions. We suggest that this low knowledge level may be due, in part, to the marketplace focus of foundational marketing educational programs, and we attempt to show how broadening the horizons of marketing courses can help students (i.e., future managers) more deeply understand the environmental consequences of their actions. We demonstrate the use of a novel business game, based on the Life Cycle Assessment method, as the foundational cornerstone for the development of a broad understanding of the environmental impact of marketing decisions and actions for the entire life cycle of a product—from raw material extraction to ultimate disposal. The results of an empirical study show that this approach increases students’ appreciation for, and understanding of, these fundamental environmental sustainability concepts.
|
Abt, C. (1970). Serious games. New York, NY: Viking Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Armstrong, S. J., Mahmud, A. (2008). Experiential learning and the acquisition of managerial tacit knowledge. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 7, 189-208. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Audebrand, L. K. (2010). Sustainability in strategic management education: The quest for new root metaphors. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 9, 413-428. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Belz, F. M., Peattie, K. (2009). Sustainability marketing: A global perspective. Chichester, England: John Wiley. Google Scholar | |
|
Bobbitt, L. M., Inks, S. A., Kemp, K. J., Mayo, D. T. (2000). Integrating marketing courses to enhance team-based experiential learning. Journal of Marketing Education, 22, 15-24. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Borin, N., Metcalf, L. (2010). Integrating sustainability into the marketing curriculum: Learning activities that facilitate sustainable marketing practices. Journal of Marketing Education, 32, 140-154. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Bridges, C. M., Wilhelm, W. B. (2008). Going beyond green: The “why and how” of integrating sustainability into the marketing curriculum. Journal of Marketing Education, 30, 33-46. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Carnell, E. (2007). Conceptions of effective teaching in higher education: Extending the boundaries. Teaching in Higher Education, 12, 25-40. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Chan, R. Y. K. (2000). The effectiveness of environmental advertising: The role of claim type and the source country green image. International Journal of Advertising, 19, 349-375. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Chavan, M. (2011). Higher education students’ attitudes towards experiential learning in international business. Journal of Teaching in International Business, 22, 126-143. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Contreras, A. M., Rosa, E., Pérez, M., Van Langenhove, H., Dewulf, J. (2009). Comparative life cycle assessment of four alternatives for using by-products of cane sugar production. Journal of Cleaner Production, 17, 772-779. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Craciun, G., Corrigan, H. B. (2010). An integrative experiential learning project in the undergraduate branding course: Creating a marketing department brochure. Journal of Marketing Education, 32, 116-127. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Crookall, D. (2010). Serious games, debriefing, and simulation/gaming as a discipline. Simulation & Gaming, 41, 898-920. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Curran, M. A. (2012). Life cycle assessment handbook: A guide for environmentally sustainable products. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Drea, J. T., Singh, M., Engelland, B. T. (1997). Using experiential learning in a principles of marketing course: An empirical analysis of student marketing audits. Marketing Education Review, 7, 53-59. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Emery, B. (2012). Sustainable marketing. Harlow, England: Pearson Education. Google Scholar | |
|
Haugh, H. M., Talwar, A. (2010). How do corporations embed sustainability across the organization? Academy of Management Learning and Education, 9, 384-396. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Hofstede, G. J., de Caluwé, L., Peters, V. (2010). Why simulation games work-in search of the active substance: A synthesis. Simulation & Gaming, 41, 824-843. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Hunt, S. D., Laverie, D. A. (2004). Experiential learning and the Hunt-Vitell theory of ethics: Teaching marketing ethics by integrating theory and practice. Marketing Education Review, 14, 1-14. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Kirca, A. H., Jayachandran, S., Bearden, W. O. (2005). Market orientation: A meta-analytic review and assessment of its antecedents and impact on performance. Journal of Marketing, 69, 24-41. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Kneale, P. (2009). Teaching and learning for employability: Knowledge is not the only outcome. In Fry, H., Ketteridge, S., Marshall, S. (Eds.), A handbook for teaching and learning in higher education (pp. 9-23). Abingdon, England: Routledge. Google Scholar | |
|
Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Google Scholar | |
|
Kumar, V., Jones, E., Venkatesan, R., Leone, R. P. (2011). Is market orientation a source of sustainable competitive advantage or simply the cost of competing? Journal of Marketing, 75, 16-30. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Laughland, P., Bansal, T. (2011). The top ten reasons why businesses aren’t more sustainable. Ivey Business Journal, 75, 1-4. Google Scholar | |
|
Levitt, T. (1965). Exploit the product life cycle. Harvard Business Review, 46, 81-94. Google Scholar | |
|
Li, T., Greenberg, B. A., Nicholls, J. A. F. (2007). Teaching experiential learning: Adoption of an innovative course in an MBA curriculum. Journal of Marketing Education, 29, 25-33. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Martin, D., Schouten, J. (2012). Sustainable marketing. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Google Scholar | |
|
Montoro-Rios, F., Luque-Martínez, T., Rodríguez-Molina, M. A. (2008). How green should you be: Can environmental associations enhance brand performance? Journal of Advertising Research, 48, 547-563. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Morgan, F. N., McCabe, D. B. (2012). Learning why we buy: An experiential project for the consumer behavior course. Journal of Marketing Education, 34, 140-155. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Nastas, G. . (1984). The case method in marketing education: A two-team approach. Journal of Marketing Education, 6, 37-42. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Němeček, P., Kocmanová, A. (2007). Integration of life cycle as a business approach. Economics & Management, 12, 521-526. Google Scholar | |
|
Oates, C., McDonald, S., Alevizou, P., Hwang, K., Young, W., McMorland, L. (2008). Marketing sustainability: Use of information sources and degrees of voluntary simplicity. Journal of Marketing Communications, 14, 351-365. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Payne, N. J., Campbell, C., Bal, A. S., Piercy, N. (2011). Placing a hand in the fire: Assessing the impact of a YouTube experiential learning project on viral marketing knowledge acquisition. Journal of Marketing Education, 33, 204-216. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Razzouk, N. Y., Seitz, V., Rizkallah, E. (2003). Learning by doing: Using experiential projects in the undergraduate marketing strategy course. Marketing Education Review, 13, 35-41. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Reinhard, J., Zah, R. (2009). Global environmental consequences of increased biodiesel consumption in Switzerland: Consequential life cycle assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production, 17, S46-S56. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Roy, A., Macchiette, B. (2005). Debating the issues: A tool for augmenting critical thinking skills of marketing students. Journal of Marketing Education, 27, 264-276. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Rust, R. T., Ambler, T., Carpenter, G. S., Kumar, V., Srivastava, R. K. (2004). Measuring marketing productivity: Current knowledge and future directions. Journal of Marketing, 68, 76-89. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Savitz, A. W., Weber, K. (2006). The triple bottom-line. Hoboken, NJ: Jossey-Bass. Google Scholar | |
|
Sayce, S., Clements, B., Cowling, E. (2009). Are employers seeking sustainability literate graduates? A review of the importance of sustainability within the graduate recruitment process in the built environment (Project Report). York, England: C-Scaipe and The Higher Education Academy. Google Scholar | |
|
Stubbs, W., Cocklin, C. (2008). Teaching sustainability to business students: Shifting mindsets. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 9, 206-221. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Thomas, T. E., Lamm, E. (2012). Legitimacy and organizational sustainability. Journal of Business Ethics, 110, 191-203. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Thomassen, M. A., Dolman, M. A., van Calker, K. J., de Boer, I. J. M. (2009). Relating life cycle assessment indicators to gross value added for Dutch dairy farms. Ecological Economics, 68, 2278-2284. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Titus, P. A., Petroshius, S. M. (1993). Bringing consumer behaviour to the workbench: An experiential approach. Journal of Marketing Education, 15, 20-30. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Wiese, N. M., Sherman, D. J. (2011). Integrating marketing and environmental studies through an interdisciplinary, experiential, service-learning approach. Journal of Marketing Education, 33, 41-56. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Zah, R., Faist, M., Reinhard, J., Birchmeier, D. (2009). Standardized and simplified life-cycle assessment (LCA) as a driver for more sustainable biofuels. Journal of Cleaner Production, 17, S102-S105. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI |

