Variations in Composition and Rheology of Bituminous Crack Sealants for Pavement Maintenance

Bituminous crack sealants are used for the preventive maintenance of asphalt concrete pavements. The selection of a durable sealant can be difficult, however, mainly because of the lack of correlation between standard sealant specifications and field performance. Hence, an approved list of materials based on past performance is sometimes used to select sealants. However, sealant durability and performance vary over time. To investigate the effect of sealant lot variation on sealant properties, six lots of two sealants from different suppliers were analyzed for filler and polymer contents and rheological response. It was found that the difference in composition and rheology between lots can be similar to that between sealants produced by different manufacturers. Hence, sealant lot-to-lot variation can partly explain the variation in the field performance of sealants. Therefore, lists of approved products drawn from the field performance of past years are ineffective in the selection of sealants for future maintenance. The application of segregated sealants was also investigated, including assessing the effect of melter stirring on sealant homogeneity and measuring the segregation of sealant upon cooling. It was found that sealants do not segregate after their application and subsequent cooling and that a rapid circumferential stirring of 25 revolutions per minute in the heating kettle allowed for the remixing of a segregated sealant.