Abstract
The study investigates the experiences of emerging adults who had worked as counselors at overnight summer camps; identity-related issues emerge as most salient in the analysis of in-depth interviews conducted with 12 women and 8 men from 8 camps. Their descriptions portray the identity exploration that took place within the camp context, through opportunities to try out roles and responsibilities ranging from the adult-like role model to the more child-like entertainer, and many counselors specifically remark on the role of camp experiences in their identity development. The role of camps as one type of facilitative venue for emerging adults’ identity exploration is discussed.
|
Adams, G.R. , & Marshall, S.K. (1996). A developmental social psychology of identity: Understanding the person-in-context. Journal of Adolescence, 19, 429-442. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI | |
|
American Camp Association. (2006). Inspirations: Developmental supports and opportunities of youths’ experiences at camp. Martinsville, IN: Author . Google Scholar | |
|
American Camp Association. (2009). Camp trends: Trend fact sheet. Retrieved June 15, 2009, from http://www.acacamps.org/media_center/camp_trends/fact.php Google Scholar | |
|
Arnett, J.J. ( 2004). Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties. New York: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Arnett, J.J. ( 2006). Preface. In J. J. Arnett & J. L. Tanner (Eds.), Emerging adults in America: Coming of age in the 21st century (pp. 3-20). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Google Scholar | |
|
Berman, A.M. , Schwartz, S.J. , Kurtines, W.M. , & Berman, S.L. ( 2001). The process of exploration in identity formation: The role of style and competence. Journal of Adolescence, 24, 513-528. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI | |
|
Bialeschki, D.B. , Henderson, K. , & Dahowski, K. ( 1998). Camp gives staff a world of good. Camping Magazine, 71(4), 27-31. Google Scholar | |
|
Byers, W. , & Çok, F. (2008). Editorial: Adolescent self and identity development in context. Journal of Adolescence , 31, 147-150. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI | |
|
Charmaz, K. ( 2006). Constructing grounded theory: A guide through qualitative analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE . Google Scholar | |
|
Côté, J.M. ( 2000). Arrested adulthood: The changing nature of maturity and identity. New York: New York University Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Côté, J.M. ( 2009). Identity formation and self-development in adolescence . In R. M. Lerner & L. Steinberg (Eds.), Handbook of adolescent psychology. Vol. 1: Individual bases of adolescent development (3rd ed., pp. 266-304). New York: John Wiley. Google Scholar | |
|
DeGraaf, D. , & Glover, J. ( 2003). Long-term impacts of working at an organized camp for seasonal staff. Journal of Park and Recreation Administration , 10(4), 37-56. Google Scholar | |
|
Dworken, B.S. ( 2004). The unique contributions and impacts of the camp staff experience. Paper presented at the American Camp Association National Conference. San Francisco, CA. Available from http://www.acacamps.org/research/CRS_handouts_2004.pdf Google Scholar | |
|
Erikson, E.H. ( 1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York : Norton. Google Scholar | |
|
Garst, B.A. , & Johnson, J. ( 2003, February). Impacts of residential camp counseling on adolescent leadership skill development. Paper presented at the American Camp Association National Conference, San Diego, California. Google Scholar | |
|
Jacobs, J.A. ( 2004). An analysis of the effects of summer camp employment on emotional intelligence. Dissertation Abstracts International, A 65(03), 1111 - 1218 (Publication No. AAT 3124747). Google Scholar | |
|
Johnson, R.B. ( 1999). Examining the validity structure of qualitative research . In A. K. Milinki (Ed.), Cases in qualitative research (pp. 160-165). Los Angeles: Pyrczak. Google Scholar | |
|
Kenniston, K. ( 1971). Youth and dissent: The rise of a new opposition. Orlando, FL: Harcourt Brace. Google Scholar | |
|
Luyckx, K. , Goossens, L. , Soenens, B. , & Beyers, W. ( 2006). Unpacking commitment and exploration: Preliminary validation of an integrative model of late adolescent identity formation. Journal of Adolescence, 29, 361-378. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI | |
|
McCole, D.T. ( 2005). The relationship between sense of community and summer camp staff retention. Dissertation Abstracts International, A 65(12), 4718-4868 (Publication No. AAT 3156782). Google Scholar | |
|
McNeely, N.N. ( 2005). The Ohio 4-H camp counseling experience: Relationship of participation to personal, interpersonal, and negative experiences. Dissertation Abstracts International, A 65(07), 2461-2646 (Publication No. AAT 3141790). Google Scholar | |
|
Morse, J.M. , & Richards, L. ( 2005). Read me first for a user’s guide to qualitative methods (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. Google Scholar | |
|
Pascarella, E.T. , & Terenzini, P.T. (2005). How college affects students: A third decade of research. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Google Scholar | |
|
Poland, D.B. ( 2002). Transcription quality. In J. Gubrium & J. Holstein (Eds.), Handbook of interview research (pp. 629-649). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. Google Scholar | |
|
Schwartz, S.J. , Côté, J.M. , & Arnett, J.J. ( 2005). Identity and agency in emerging adulthood: Two developmental routes in the individualization process. Youth & Society , 37, 201-229. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Schwartz, S.J. , & Pantin, H. ( 2006). Identity development in adolescence and emerging adulthood: The interface of self, context, and culture. In A. P. Prescott (Ed.), The concept of self in psychology (pp. 45-85). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science. Google Scholar | |
|
Schwartz, S.J. , Zamboanga, B.L. , Weisskirch, R.S. , & Rodriguez, L. ( 2009). The relationships of personal and ethnic identity exploration to indices of adaptive and maladaptive psychosocial functioning. International Journal of Behavioural Development, 33(2), 131-144. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Sweet, S. ( 2005). Identity development in pediatric camp counselors. Dissertation Abstracts International, B 66(6), 3446-3535 (Publication No. AAT 3179457). Google Scholar | |
|
Weiss, R. ( 1994). Learning from strangers: The art and method of qualitative interview studies. New York: Free Press. Google Scholar |

