Abstract
School councils have been an integral part of primary school life for the last decade and, despite not being mandatory in England, they are now to be found in the vast majority of primary schools. This research article aims to examine the current position of school councils in terms of their organization, the issues they address and the views held by senior leaders regarding the setting of agendas, their management and composition. The fieldwork took place in 50 primary schools within one local authority in the North West of England. This involved quantitative analysis based on a questionnaire sent directly to the head teachers. The data confirmed the widespread use of councils, with 100 per cent of responding schools having one in place. Certain themes relating to school council membership emerged, such as a positive emphasis on councillors being role models and possessing strong organizational and communication skills. Little importance, however, was given by head teachers to high academic attainment or creativity. The indications given by school leaders is that there is a clear commitment to having in place effective mechanisms via which children can raise their views, ideas and concerns, whilst promoting equality. However, in practice the emphasis on effective communication skills appears to actually limit the diversity of children actively taking part in primary schools councils. Therefore, school leaders need to take steps to allow a wider intake into their councils, in order to generate a truly representative council.
|
Alderson, P (2000) School students’ views on school councils and daily life at school. Children and Society 14: 121–134. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Baginsky, M, Hannam, D (1999) School Councils: The Views of Students and Teachers. London: NSPCC. Google Scholar | |
|
Claire, H, Holden, C (2004) Induction Pack for Tutors of Citizenship Education – Effective Transition KS2 to KS3. London: citizED (a project of the Teacher Training Agency). Google Scholar | |
|
Cohen, L, Manion, L, Morrison, K (2000) Research Methods in Education (5th edn). London: RoutledgeFalmer. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Cotmore, R (2004) Organisational competence: The study of a school council in action. Children and Society 18: 53–65. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Cox, S, Robinson-Pant, A (2005) Challenging perceptions of school councils in the primary school. Education 3–13 33(2): 14–19. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Crick, B (1998) Education for Citizenship and the Teaching of Democracy in Schools. Final Report of the Advisory Group on Citizenship. UK: QCA, DfEE. Google Scholar | |
|
Davies, L, Williams, C, Yamashita, H, Ko Man-Hing, A (2007) Inspiring Schools, A Literature Review. Taking Up the Challenge of Pupil Participation. London: Carnegie Young People Initiative Google Scholar | |
|
DfEE (1999) National Healthy Schools Standard. London: DfEE. Google Scholar | |
|
DfES (2003) Every Child Matters. London: DfES. Google Scholar | |
|
DfES (2004) Working Together: Giving Children and Young People a Say. London: DfES. Google Scholar | |
|
Faulks, K (2006) Rethinking citizenship education in England. Some lessons from contemporary social and political theory. Education, Citizenship and Social Justice 1: 123. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Franklin, B (1995) The Handbook of Children’s Rights Comparative Policy and Practice. London: Routledge. Google Scholar | |
|
Guardian, The (2012) School Councils: Shut Up, We’re Listening. Available at: www.guardian.co.uk/education/2012/mar/12/school-councils-number-lip-service (accessed 8 August 2012). Google Scholar | |
|
Gunter, H, Thomson, P (2007) But, where are the children? Management in Education 21(1): 23–28. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Hart, R (1992) Children's Participation: From Tokenism to Citizenship Innocenti Essays No 4. Florence: UNICEF. Google Scholar | |
|
Iliasov, A, Thompson, A, Gwanzura-Ottemoller, F. (2010) Having a Say at School. Edinburgh: The University of Edinburgh. Google Scholar | |
|
Inman, S (2002) School Councils: An Apprenticeship in Democracy. London: Association of Teachers and Lecturers. Google Scholar | |
|
James, C, Jones, J, Connolly, M, Brammer, S (2012) The role of the chair of the school governing body in England. School Leadership & Management 32 (1): 3–19. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Ofsted (2010) Citizenship Established? Citizenship in Schools 2006/09. London: Ofsted. Google Scholar | |
|
Rowe, D (2003) The Business of School Councils: An Investigation into Democracy in Schools. London: Citizenship Foundation. Google Scholar | |
|
Springate, D (2003) A comparative analysis of democracy in primary schools. Occasional Papers. London: University of Greenwich. Google Scholar | |
|
Times Educational Supplement (2010) The issue – Pupil panels. Available at: www.tes.co.uk/article.aspx?storycode=6048595 (accessed 3 January 2011). Google Scholar | |
|
Tisdall, K, Davis, J, Gallagher, M (2008) Reflecting on children and young people’s participation in the UK. International Journal of Children’s Rights 16: 343–354. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
United Nations (1990) Convention on the Rights of the Child. Geneva: Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Google Scholar | |
|
Whitty, G, Wisby, E (2007) Real decision making? School councils in action. Research Report DCSF-RP001. Nottingham: DCSF Publications. Google Scholar | |
|
Whitty, G, Wisby, E, Diack, A (2007) Real decision making? School councils in action. Nottingham: DCSF Publications. Google Scholar |

