Abstract
Focus groups with youth and their parents were used in this research study to better understand the impact of the On Belay Program, an adventure-based support group for youth whose parents have cancer. Results demonstrated that challenge course programs reduce isolation in youth by creating a caring community and normalizing the cancer experience. Results also showed the importance of providing a place where the youth, not the parent or the parent’s illness, is the focus. Finally, the feelings of strength and empowerment gained from successfully accomplishing the physical challenges faced in the program were also applied to challenges faced at home.
|
American Cancer Society . (2010). Cancer facts and figures 2010. Atlanta, GA: Author. Google Scholar | |
|
Balen, R., Fielding, D., Lewis, I. (1996). Activity camps for children with cancer. Children & Society, 10, 317-323. Google Scholar | |
|
Barrera, M., Chung, J., Fleming, C. (2004). A group intervention for sibling of pediatric cancer patients. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 22, 21-39. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Bedway, A., Smith, L. (1996). “For kids only”: Development of a program for children from families with a cancer patient. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 14, 19-28. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Call, D. (1990). School-based groups: A valuable support for children of cancer patients. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 8, 97-118. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Christ, G. (2000). Healing children’s grief: Surviving a parent’s death from cancer. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Diareme, S., Tsiantis, J., Romer, G., Tsalamanios, E., Anasontzi, S., Paliokosta, E., Kolaitis, G. (2007). Mental health support for children of parents with somatic illness: A review of the theory and intervention concepts. American Psychological Association, 25, 98-118. Google Scholar | |
|
Gillis, H., Speelman, E. (2008). Are challenge (ropes) courses an effective tool? A meta-analysis. Journal of Experiential Education, 31, 111-135. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Grabiak, B., Bender, C., Puskar, K. (2007). The impact of parental cancer on the adolescent: An analysis of the literature. Psycho-Oncology, 16, 127-137. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI | |
|
Greening, K. (1992). The “Bear Essentials” program: Helping young children and their families cope when a parent has cancer. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 10, 47-61. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Heiney, S., Lesesne, C. (1996). Quest: An intervention program for children whose parent or grandparent has cancer. Cancer Practice, 4, 324-329. Google Scholar | Medline | |
|
Maykut, P., Morehouse, R. (1994). Beginning qualitative research: A philosophical and practical guide. London, England: The Falmer Group. Google Scholar | |
|
McFayden, A. (1999). New mothers and their babies: Attachment in the face of maternal life-threatening illness. Journal of Family Therapy, 21, 321-336. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Meyer, T. J., Mark, M. M. (1999). Effects of psychosocial interventions with adult cancer patients: A meta-analysis of randomized experiments. In Suinn, R. M., VandenBos, G. R. (Eds.), Cancer patients and their families: Readings on disease course, coping, and psychological interventions (pp. 163-177). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Mosher, R. (2006). This is the best life yet- life at Camp Friendship. Pediatric Nursing, 32, 84-87. Google Scholar | Medline | |
|
Niemelä, M., Hakko, H., Räsänen, S. (2010). A systematic narrative review of the studies on structured child-centered interventions for families with a parent with cancer. Psycho-Oncology, 19, 451-461. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI | |
|
On Belay . (2010). Retrieved from http://www.facebook.com/#!/pages/On-BelayInc/55121474149?v=info Google Scholar | |
|
On Belay . (2011). History. Retrieved from http://www.on-belay.org/who-weare/history/ Google Scholar | |
|
Osborn, T. (2007). The psychosocial impact of parental cancer on children and adolescents: A systematic review [Special issue: The impact of parental cancer on dependent children and adolescents]. Psychosocial Oncology, 16, 101-126. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI | |
|
Romer, G., Barkmann, C., Schulte-Markwort, M., Riedesser, P. (2002). Children of somatically ill parents: A methodological review. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 7, 17-38. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Ryan, B. (2005). The guide for challenge course operations: An essential reference for challenge course practitioners. Beverly, MA: Project Adventure. Google Scholar | |
|
Stanko, C. A., Taub, D. J. (2002). A counseling group for children of cancer patients. Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 27, 43-58. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Sugerman, D., Doherty, K., Garvey, D., Gass, M. (2000). Reflective learning: Theory and practice. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company. Google Scholar | |
|
Taylor-Brown, J., Acheson, A., Farber, J. (1993). Kids can cope: A group intervention for children whose parents have cancer. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology, 11, 41-53. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Tucker, A. R. (2009). Adventure-based group therapy to promote social skills in adolescents. Social Work With Groups, 32, 315-329. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Visser, A. (2007). Children’s functioning following parental cancer (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/30111885X Google Scholar | |
|
Watson, M., James-Robers, I., Ashley, S., Tilney, C., Brougham, B., Edwards, L., Romer, G. (2006). Factors associated with emotional and behavioural problems among school age children of breast cancer patients. British Journal of Cancer, 94, 43-50. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI | |
|
Welch, A., Wadsworth, M., Compas, B. E. (1996). Children’s adjustment to parental cancer: Comparison of parents’ and children’s perspectives. Cancer, 77, 1409-1418. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI |
Author Biographies
Anita Reithoffer Tucker is an assistant professor in the Department of Social Work and the coordinator of the Dual Master’s Degree in Social Work and Outdoor Education at the University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA.
Deb Sugerman is training manager at Playworks in Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Ryan Zelov is a graduate student in the Department of Social Work and Kinesiology: Outdoor Education at the University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA.

