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Abstract
A lack of clarity exists regarding how different clients respond to outdoor behavioral health care (OBH). In this study, specific client and treatment characteristics were assessed for 186 young adults completing an OBH therapeutic wilderness program. Clinical outcomes were measured with the Outcome Questionnaire–45.2. Hierarchical linear modeling results indicated no differences at intake, in change trajectories while in treatment, or at 6- and 18-months follow-up. Treatment gains and maintenance post-discharge were similar regardless of participant age, length of stay, gender, primary diagnosis, or therapist. Findings serve as additional support for the utility of OBH for a range of clients. Results are detailed and implications, limitations, and future research directions are discussed.
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Author Biographies
Sean D. Roberts, PhD, is an adjunct instructor for Oregon State University and a clinical director for a young adult transitional treatment program in Bend, OR. His passion lies in utilizing and building an evidence base for experiential modalities in education and counseling.
Daniel Stroud, PhD, is an assistant professor at Oregon State University Cascades in Bend, OR. He is an active member of the Association for Specialists in Group work and his research interests primarily focus on experiential group work approaches and corrective feedback exchange.
Matthew J. Hoag, PhD, is an owner and the clinical director at Evoke at Entrada Wilderness Programs in Santa Clara, UT. He has been a licensed psychologist working in outdoor behavioral healthcare for twenty years and is a leading researcher in the OBH field.
Katie M. Combs, MSW, is the research director at Evoke Wilderness Programs and has been researching and publishing on OBH outcomes for the last eight years.
