Job Crafting at the Team and Individual Level: Implications for Work Engagement and Performance
Abstract
Previous research suggests that employee job crafting is positively related to job performance through employee work engagement. The present study expands this individual-level perspective to the team level by hypothesizing that team job crafting relates positively to team performance through team work engagement. In addition, on the basis of social psychological theories about norms, modeling, and emotional contagion in groups, we hypothesize that team job crafting relates to individual performance through (a) individual job crafting and individual work engagement; and (b) team work engagement and individual work engagement. Data was collected among 525 individuals working in 54 teams that provided occupational health services. The results largely supported the hypotheses. Specifically, team job crafting was associated with individual performance via the hypothesized sequential mediation paths. The practical implications of the study are discussed and we conclude that job crafting can be simultaneously used at the team and individual level to improve job performance.
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Biographies
Maria Tims is assistant professor of Work & Organizational Psychology at Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands. She is interested in studying proactive work behaviors, job crafting, and employee well-being. She has published in Journal of Vocational Behavior and The Leadership Quarterly.
Arnold B. Bakker is professor of Work & Organizational Psychology at Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands, and adjunct professor at Lingnan University, Hong Kong. He is president of the European Association of Work and Organizational Psychology. He is interested in positive organizational behavior.
Daantje Derks, PhD, assistant professor of Work & Organizational Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Her research interests are work-family conflict, smartphone use, job crafting, new ways of working.
Willem van Rhenen holds the Chair of Engagement & Productivity. He is chief medical officer and member of the Executive Board at 365. Since 2009, he is also a member of the Dutch Chamber of Preventive Medicine. He has been a member of multiple task groups in the field of preventive medicine.
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Article first published online: June 11, 2013
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