![[PDF]](/pb-assets/Icons/adobe-pdf-icon-1498649896243.png){kind=icon}
Abstract
This article examines intercultural learning as a lifelong process. The data on which the article is based consist of 10 biographical interviews in which Finnish teachers were asked to talk about their lives from the perspective of intercultural learning. The analysis of the interviews showed that other people were involved in many of the experiences being referred to, and that these individuals played an important role in the stories. This article, therefore, focuses on the role of significant others in the intercultural learning of teachers. Three roles of significant others that arose from the data are introduced: transforming attitudes towards diversity; awakening and developing intercultural awareness; and developing ethical orientation.
|
Atkinson, R. (2002) `The life story interview', in J.F. Gubrium and J.A. Holstein (eds) Handbook of Interview Research: Context and Method . Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications . Google Scholar | |
|
Banks, J. (1999) Introduction to Multicultural Education. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon. Google Scholar | |
|
Bennett, C. (1995) Comprehensive Multicultural Education:Theory and Practice. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon. Google Scholar | |
|
Bennett, M. (1993) `Towards ethnorelativism: A developmental model of intercultural sensitivity', in R.M. Paige (ed.) Education for the Intercultural Experience, pp. 21-71. Yarmouth: Intercultural Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Clayton, B.C. (2003) One Classroom, Many Worlds: Teaching and Learning in the Cross-Cultural Classroom. Portsmouth: Heinemann. Google Scholar | |
|
Gollnick, D.M. AND Chinn, P.C. (1998) Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society , 5th edn, Columbus, OH: Merrill. Google Scholar | |
|
Hakkarainen, K. , Lonka, K. AND Lipponen, L. (2004) Tutkiva Oppiminen: Järki, Tunteet ja Kulttuuri Oppimisen Sytyttäjinä. Helsinki: WSOY. Google Scholar | |
|
Jokikokko, K. (2005a) `Interculturally trained Finnish teachers' conceptions of diversity and intercultural competence', Journal of Intercultural Education 16(2): 69-83. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Jokikokko, K. (2005b) `Perspectives on intercultural competence', in R. Räsänen and J. San (eds) Conditions for Intercultural Learning and Co-operation , pp. 89-106. Turku: Finnish Educational Research Association . Google Scholar | |
|
Jokikokko, K. , Lamminmäki-Kärkkäinen, T. AND Räsänen, R. (2004) `Education for intercultural competence', in V. Puuronen , A. Häkkinen , A. Pylkkänen , T. Sandlud and R. Toivanen (eds) New Challenges for the Welfare Society , pp. 329-45. Joensuu: University of Joensuu. Google Scholar | |
|
Kelchtermans, G. (1993) `Teachers and their career story', in C. Day , J. Calderhead and P. Denicolo (eds) Research on Teacher Thinking: Understanding Professional Development, pp. 198-220. London: The Falmer Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Knowles, J.G. (1992) `Models for Understanding Preservice and Beginning Teachers' Biographies: Illustrations from Case Studies', in I.F. Goodson (ed.) Studying Teachers' Lives , pp. 99-152. London & New York : Routledge . Google Scholar | |
|
Kolb, D.A. (1984) Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Google Scholar | |
|
Lave, J. AND Wenger, E. (1991) Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Lamminmäki-Kärkkäinen, T. (2002) `Identiteetin kulttuuriprofiili ja toiseuden purkaminen' , in R. Räsänen , K. Jokikokko , M. Järvelä and T. LamminmäkiKärkkäinen (eds) Interkulttuurinen Opettajankoulutus: Utopiasta Todellisuudeksi Toimintatutkimuksen Avulla, pp. 71-84. Oulu: Acta E55. Google Scholar | |
|
Liebkind, K. , ED. (2000) Monikulttuurinen Suomi: Etniset Suhteet Tutkimuksen Valossa. Helsinki: Gaudeamus. Google Scholar | |
|
Lynch, E.W. (1998) `Developing cross-cultural competence', in E.W. Lynch and M.J. Hanson (ed.) Developing Cross-Cultural Competence. A Guide for Working with Children and their Families, pp. 47-90. Baltimore : Paul. H. Brookes Publishing Co. Google Scholar | |
|
Mc Laren, P. AND Fishman, G. (2001) `Toivon palauttaminen. opettajankoulutus ja yhteiskunnallinen oikeudenmukaisuus globaalin aikakaudella', in H. Giroux and P. McLaren (eds) Kriittinen Pedagogiikka. Tampere: Vastapaino. Google Scholar | |
|
Mezirow, J. (1991) Transformative Dimensions of Adult Learning. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Google Scholar | |
|
Mezirow, J. (1995) `Transformation theory of adult learning', in M.R. Welton (ed.) Defense of the Lifeworld. New York: SUNY Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Miettinen, M. (2001) `Kun pittää olla vastaanottamassa sitä kansainvälistymistä', Pohjoiskarjalaisten Luokanopettajien Käsitykset Monikulttuurisuuskasvatuksesta . Joensuu: Joensuun Yliopisto. Google Scholar | |
|
Nieto, S. (1999) The Light in Their Eyes: Creating Multicultural Learning Communities. New York: Teachers College Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Nieto, S. (1996) Affirming Diversity: the Sociopolitical Context of Multicultural Education. New York: Longman Publishers. Google Scholar | |
|
Noddings, N. (1998) Philosophy of Education. Stanford, CA: Westview Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Noel, J.R. (1995) `Multicultural teacher education: From awareness through emotions to action', Journal of Teacher Education 46(4): 267-73. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Polkinghorne, D. (1995) `Narrative configuration in qualitative analysis' , in J. Hatch and R. Wisniewski (eds) Life, History and Narrative , pp. 5-23. London: Falmer Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Riessmann, C.K. (1993) Narrative Analysis. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Google Scholar | |
|
Räsänen, R. (2002) `Interkulttuurisen pedagogiikan olemusta etsimässä' , in R. Räsänen , K. Jokikokko , M. Järvelä , T. Lamminmäki-Kärkkäinen (eds) Interkulttuurinen Opettajankoulutus: Utopiasta Todellisuudeksi Toimintatutkimuksen Avulla, pp. 97-114. Oulu: Acta E55. Google Scholar | |
|
Räsänen, R. (2005) `Intercultural co-operation as an ethical issue' , in R. Räsänen and J. San (eds) Conditions for Intercultural Learning and Dialogue , pp. 15-34. Turku: Finnish Educational Research Association. Google Scholar | |
|
Räsänen, R. (2007) `International education as an ethical issue', in M. Hayden , J. Levy and J. Thompson (eds) The Sage Handbook of Research in International Education, pp. 57-69. London : SAGE. Google Scholar | |
|
Salo-Lee, L. (1996) `Kieli, kulttuuri ja viestintä', in L. Salo-Lee , R. Malmberg and R. Halinoja (eds) Me Ja Muut, pp. 6-25. Jyväskylä: Gummerus . Google Scholar | |
|
Snowball, L. (2007) `Becoming more internationally-minded: International teacher certification and professional development', in M. Hayden , J. Levy and J. Thompson (eds) The Sage Handbook of Research in International Education, pp. 237-55. London: SAGE. Google Scholar | |
|
Sue, D.W. , Arredondo, P. AND R.J. Mc Davis (1992) `Multicultural counseling competencies and standards: A call to the profession', Journal of Counseling and Development 70(4): 477-86. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Taylor, E. (1998) `The theory and practice of transformative learning', A Critical Review. Information Series No 374. Ohio: ERIC Clearinghouse on Adult, Career, and Vocational Education . Google Scholar | |
|
Taylor, E. (1994) `A learning model for becoming interculturally competent', International Journal of Intercultural Relations . 18: 389-408. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Vanmanen, M. (1991) The Tact of Teaching:The Meaning of Pedagogical Thoughtfulness. Ontario: Althouse . Google Scholar |
