![[PDF]](/pb-assets/Icons/adobe-pdf-icon-1498649896243.png){kind=icon}
Abstract
Substantial integration of quantitative and qualitative data and findings in mixed methods studies is seldom seen, although maximizing the potential of the approach depends on this. An absence of exemplars has been identified as among a number of factors that currently impede integration in studies carried out by researchers using the approach. This article offers an example of how maximum integration of data sets can be achieved. The sociological study discussed used a combination of methods—questionnaire survey, group interviews, and individual interviews—to obtain a fuller view of young people's perspectives on their lives. Aspects of the project's research design and analyses that were instrumental to achieving a genuinely integrated mixed methods approach are identified.
Keywords mixed methods research, integration, combining data sets
|
Bandura, A. (1997). Exercise of personal and collective efficacy in changing societies. In A. Bandura (Ed.), Self-efficacy in changing societies (pp. 1-45). Cambridge , UK: Cambridge University Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Beck, U. (1992). Risk society: Towards a new modernity. London: Sage. Google Scholar | |
|
Bloor, M. , Frankland, J. , Thomas, M. , & Robson, K. (2001). Focus groups in social research. London: Sage. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Bryman, A. (1988). Quantity and quality in social research. London: Unwin Hyman. Google Scholar | Crossref | |
|
Bryman, A. (1992). Quantitative and qualitative research: Further reflections on their integration. In J. Brannen (Ed.), Mixing methods: qualitative and quantitative research (pp. 57-78). Aldershot, UK: Ashgate. Google Scholar | |
|
Bryman, A. (2006). Integrating quantitative and qualitative research: How is it done? Qualitative Research, 6, 97-113. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Bryman, A. (2007). Barriers to integrating quantitative and qualitative research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(1), 8-22. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Bynner, J. , & Roberts, K. (Eds.). (1991). Youth and work: Transition to employment in England and Germany. London: Anglo-German Foundation. Google Scholar | |
|
Cattell, R. (1966). The scree test for the number of factors. Multivariate Behavioural Research, 1, 245-276. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI | |
|
Clausen, J. (1993). American lives: Looking back at the children of the Great Depression. Berkeley: University of California Press. Google Scholar | |
|
Creswell, J.W. (2003). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approach (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Google Scholar | |
|
Creswell, J.W. , Fetters, M.D. , & Ivankova, N.V. (2004). Designing a mixed methods study in primary care. Annals of Family Medicine, 2(1), 7-12. Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI | |
|
Emirbayer, M. , & Misch, A. (1998). What is agency? American Journal of Sociology, 103(4), 962-1023. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Erben, M. (1998). Biography and research method. In M. Erben (Ed.), Biography and education: A reader (pp. 4-17). London: Falmer. Google Scholar | |
|
Evans, K. M. , & Heinz, W. (Eds.). (1994). Becoming adults in England and Germany. London: Anglo-German Foundation. Google Scholar | |
|
Evans, K.M. , Rudd, P. , Behrens, M. , Kaluza, J. , & Woolley, C.M. (2000). Taking control? Agency in youth adult transitions in England and the new Germany. ESRC End of Award Report (Award L 134251011) . Swindon, UK: Economic and Social Research Council. Google Scholar | |
|
Glaser, B. , & Strauss, A. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Chicago: Aldine. Google Scholar | |
|
Gorard, S. , & Taylor, C. (2004). What is ``triangulation''? Building research capacity . Journal of the ESRC Teaching and Learning Research Programme Research Capacity Building Network, 7, 7-9. Google Scholar | |
|
Greene, J.C. , Caracelli, V.J. , & Graham, W.F. (1989). Toward a conceptual framework for mixed-method evaluation designs. Educational Evaluation and Policy-Analysis , 11, 255-274. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | |
|
Kaiser, H. (1958). The varimax criterion for analytic rotation in factor analyses. Psychometrika, 23, 187-200. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Kelle, U. (2001). Sociological explanations between micro and macro and the integration of qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative Research, 2(1). Retrieved July 20, 2008, from http://qualitative-research.net/fqs Google Scholar | |
|
Morgan, D. (1988).Focus groups as qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Google Scholar | |
|
Niglas, K. (2004). The combined use of qualitative and quantitative methods in educational research. Unpublished dissertation on Social Sciences, Tallinn Pedagogical University, Estonia. Google Scholar | |
|
O'Cathain, A. , Murphy, E. , & Nicholl, J. (2007). Integration and publications as indicators of ``yield'' from mixed methods studies. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(3), 147-163. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Ragin, C. (1991). The problem of balancing cases with variables in comparative social science. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 32(1/2), 1-8. Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI | |
|
Rudd, P. (1996). Structure and agency in youth transitions. Student perspectives on vocational further education. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Surrey, UK. Google Scholar | |
|
Tabachnick, B. , & Fidell, L. (2000). Principal components and factor analysis. In Using multivariate statistics (4th ed., pp. 582-652). London: Allyn & Bacon. Google Scholar | |
|
Tashakkori, A. , & Creswell, J. (2007a). Exploring the nature of research questions in mixed methods research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research , 1(3), 207-211. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Tashakkori, A. , & Creswell, J. (2007b). Differing perspectives on mixed methods research . Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(4), 303-308. Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI | |
|
Tashakkori, A. , & Teddlie, C. (1998). Mixed methodology: Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches. London: Sage. Google Scholar | |
|
Tashakkori, A. , & Teddlie, C. (Eds.). (2003). Handbook of mixed methods in the social & behavioral sciences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Google Scholar | |
|
Webb, E.J. , Campbell, D.T. , Schwartz, R.D. , & Sechrest, L. (1966). Unobtrusive measures. Chicago : Rand McNally. Google Scholar | |
|
Witzel, A. (2000). The problem-centred interview. Forum: qualitative social research, 1(1). Retrieved July 20, 2008, from http://www.qualitative-research.net/fqs-texte/1-00/1-00witzel-e.htm Google Scholar | |
|
Woolley, C.M. (2005). Shaping lives: Agency in young adult transitions . Unpublished doctoral thesis, University of Surrey, UK. Retrieved July 20, 2008, from http://homepage.ntlworld.com/clairewoolley/ Google Scholar | |
|
Yin, R.K. (2006). Mixed methods research: Are the methods genuinely integrated or merely parallel? Research in the Schools, 13(1), 41-47. Google Scholar |
