A prolific number of researchers have chosen to study metaphorical narratives, confirming their usefulness in educational research. The aim of this paper is to analyse the metaphorical expressions used by 68 principals from infant, primary and secondary schools in Alicante (Spain), concerning the way they see the figure of the principal and how it makes them feel. The data were processed using AQUAD 7. Results indicated a weak presence of characteristics related to social and contextual leader learning, as principals’ views tended more towards traditional models with duty predominating as a motivating force. Such views are usually associated with the experience of negative emotions. Findings highlighted the need to introduce an important cognitive and dispositional change in leadership education to ensure the development of professional skills aligned with current shared leadership models.

Akar, H, Yildirim, A (2011) Change in teacher candidates’ metaphorical images about classroom management in a social constructivist learning environment. Teaching in Higher Education 14(4): 401415.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Alvesson, M, Spicer, A (2010) Metaphors We Lead by: Understanding Leadership in the Real World. Oxford, UK: Routledge.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Argyropoulou, E, Hatira, K (2014) Metaphors and drawings as research tools of head teachers’ perceptions on their management and leadership roles and responsibilities. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal 22(4): 496512.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Ärlestig, H, Day, C, Johansson, O (2016) International school principal research. In: Ärlestig, H, Day, C, Johansson, O (eds) A Decade of Research on School Principalship: Cases from 24 Countries. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, pp.19.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Aubusson, P, Steele, F, Dinham, S, Brady, L (2007) Action learning in teacher learning community formation: Informative or transformative? Teacher Development 11(2): 133148.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Avidov, O (2016) Understanding teachers’ attitude toward educational reforms through metaphors. International Journal of Educational Research 77(2): 117127.
Google Scholar
Barsalou, LW (1999) Perceptual symbol systems. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22(4): 577660.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline | ISI
Bass, B, Bass, R (2008) The Bass Handbook of Leadership: Theory, Research, and Managerial Applications. New York, NY: Free Press.
Google Scholar
Bass, B, Riggio, R (2006) Transformational Leadership. New York, NY: Jossey-Bass.
Google Scholar
Bolívar, A, San Fabián, JL (2013) La LOMCE, ¿una nueva ley para mejorar la calidad educativa? (The LOMCE Education Act: a new law for improving quality in education?) Organización y Gestión Educativa (Educational Organization and Management) 1(1): 711 (in Spanish).
Google Scholar
Bruggencate, G, Luyten, H, Scheerens, J, Sleegers, P (2012) Modeling the influence of school leaders on student achievement: How can school leaders make a difference? Educational Administration Quarterly 48(1): 699732.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Bush, T (2011) Succession planning in England: New leaders and new forms of leadership. School Leadership & Management 31(3): 181198.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Bush, T, Glover, D (2014) School leadership models: What do we know? School Leadership & Management 34(5): 553571.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Cho, JY, Lee, E (2014) Reducing confusion about grounded theory and qualitative content analysis: Similarities and differences. The Qualitative Report 19(32): 120.
Google Scholar
Cole, FL (1988) Content analysis: Process and application. Clinical Nurse Specialist 2(1): 5357.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline
Crawford, M (2012) Solo and distributed leadership: Definitions and dilemmas. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 40(5): 610620.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Davis, S, Darling-Hammond, L, LaPointe, M, Meyerson, D (2005) Review of Research, School Leadership Study: Developing Successful Principals. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford Educational Leadership Institute.
Google Scholar
Day, C, Gu, Q, Sammons, P (2016) The impact of leadership on student outcomes: How successful school leaders use transformational and instructional strategies to make a difference. Educational Administration Quarterly 52(2): 221258.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Day, C, Sammons, P, Hopkins, D, Harris, A, Leithwood, K, Gu, Q, Brown, E, Ahtaridou, E, Kington, A (2009) The impact of school leadership on pupil outcomes: Final report. Nottingham, UK: National College of School Leadership. Available at: http://dera.ioe.ac.uk/11329/1/DCSF-RR108.pdf (accessed 25 May 2016).
Google Scholar
Day, C, Sammons, P, Leithwood, K, Hopkins, D, Gu, Q, Brown, E, Ahtaridou, E (2011) Successful School Leadership: Linking With Learning and Achievement. London, UK: McGraw-Hill.
Google Scholar
Dubinsky, JM, Roehrig, G, Varma, S (2013) Infusing neuroscience into teacher professional development. Educational Researcher 42(6): 317329.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Elo, S, Kyngäs, H (2007) The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of Advanced Nursing 62(1): 107115.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Frost, D (2008) "Teacher Leadership:” Values and voice. School Leadership and Management 28(4): 337352.
Google Scholar | Crossref
General Act of Parliament (2013) Ley Orgánica 8/2013, de 10 de diciembre, para la mejora de la calidad educative (General Law 8/2013 of 9 December on Improving Quality in Education). Boletín Oficial del Estado (Official State Bulletin), 10 December 2013. Available at: http://www.edu.xunta.gal/centros/cpivianopequeno/system/files/LOMCE%20Texto%20refundido%20con%20LOE.pdf (accessed 1 April 2016) (in Spanish).
Google Scholar
Glaser, B, Strauss, A (1967) Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. London, UK: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
Google Scholar
Greenleaf, K (1977) Servant Leadership: A Journey into the Nature of Legitimate Power and Greatness. Mahwah, NJ: Paulist Press.
Google Scholar
Gu, Q, Johansson, O (2013) Sustaining school performance: School contexts matter. International Journal of Leadership in Education 16(3): 301326.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Hancock, R, Hary, Ch, Müller, U (2012) An investigation of factors impacting the motivation of German and US teachers to become school principals. Research in Comparative and International Education 7(3): 352363.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Harris, A (2013) Distributed leadership: friend or foe? Educational Management Administration & Leadership 41(5): 545554.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Hsieh, HF, Shannon, S (2005) Three approaches to qualitative content analysis. Qualitative Health Research 15(9): 12771288.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Hopkins, D, Higham, R (2007) System leadership: Mapping the landscape. School Leadership & Management 27(2): 147166.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Huber, J, Caine, V, Huber, M, Steeves, P (2013) Narrative inquiry as pedagogy in education: The extraordinary potential of living, telling, retelling, and reliving stories of experience. Review of Research in Education 37(1): 121242.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Huber, GL, Gürtler, L (2013) AQUAD 7. Manual: The Analysis of Qualitative Data. Tübingen, Germany: Huber GL and Gürtler L. Available at: http://www.aquad.de/materials/manual_aquad7/manual-e.pdf (accessed 20 July 2015).
Google Scholar
Gebauer, JE, Riketta, M, Broemer, P, Maio, GR (2008) Pleasure and pressure based prosocial motivation: Divergent relations to subjective well-being. Journal of Research in Personality 42(2): 399420.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Katzenmeyer, M, Moller, G (2009) Awakening the Sleeping Giant: Helping Teachers Develop as Leaders. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
Google Scholar
Lakoff, G, Johnson, M (1980) Metaphors We Live By. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Google Scholar
Lambert, L, Walker, D, Zimmerman, D, Cooper, J, Dale, M, Gardner, M, Szabo, M (2002) The Constructivist Leaders. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
Google Scholar
Lee, S, Schwarz, N (2012) Bidirectionality, mediation, and moderation of metaphorical effects: The embodiment of social suspicion and fishy smells. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 103(5): 737749.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline
Liljengerg, M (2015) Distributing leadership to establish developing and learning school organizations in the Swedish context. Educational Management Administration & Leadership 43(1): 152170.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Lincoln, YS, Guba, EG (1985) Naturalistic Inquiry. London, UK: SAGE.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Mahlios, M, Shaw, DM, Barry, A (2010) Making sense of teaching through metaphors: A review across three studies. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice 16(1): 4971.
Google Scholar | Crossref
May, H, Supovitz, J (2011) The scope of principal efforts to improve instruction. Educational Administration Quarterly 47(2): 332352.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Morgan, G (1986) Images of Organization. Beverly Hills, CA: SAGE Publications.
Google Scholar
Patchen, T, Crawford, T (2011) From gardeners to tour guides: the epistemological struggle revealed in teacher-generated metaphors of teaching. Journal of Teacher Education 62(3): 286298.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Pinnegar, S, Mangelson, J, Reed, M, Shaina, G (2011) Exploring pre-service teachers’ metaphors plotlines. Teaching and Teacher Education 27(3): 639647.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Robinson, VMJ, Hohepa, M, Lloyd, C (2009) School leadership and student outcomes: identifying what works and why. Best evidence synthesis iteration. Wellington, NZ: Ministry of Education. Available at: https://www.educationcounts.govt.nz/publications/series/2515/60169/60170 (accessed 17 March 2016).
Google Scholar
Robinson, VMJ, Lloyd, CA, Rowe, KJ (2008) The impact of leadership on student outcomes: An analysis of the differential effects of leadership types. Educational Administration Quarterly 44(5): 635674.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Saban, A (2010) Prospective teachers’ metaphorical conceptualizations of learner. Teaching and Teacher Education 26(2): 290305.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Saban, A, Kocbeker, BN, Saban, A (2007) Prospective teachers conceptions of teaching and learning revealed through metaphor analysis. Learning and Instruction 17(2): 123139.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Seiler, G (2013) New metaphors about culture: Implications for research in science teacher preparation. Journal of Research in Science Teaching 50(1): 104121.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Slepian, ML, Ambady, N (2014) Simulating sensorimotor metaphors: Novel metaphors influence embodied cognition. Cognition 130(3): 309314.
Google Scholar | Crossref | Medline
Starratt, R (2004) Ethical Leadership. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Google Scholar
Thomas, L, Beauchamp, C (2011) Understanding new teachers’ professional identities through metaphor. Teaching and Teacher Education 27(4): 762769.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Tucker, S (2010) An investigation of the stresses, pressures, and challenges faced by primary school principals in context of organizational change in schools. Journal of Social Work Practice 24(1): 6374.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Wahlstrom, K, Louis, K, Leithwood, K, Anderson, S (2010) Investigating the links to improved student learning. New York, NY: The Wallace Foundation. Available at: http://www.wallacefoundation.org/knowledge-center/Documents/Investigating-the-Links-to-Improved-Student-Learning.pdf (accessed 10 February 2016).
Google Scholar
Zhao, H, Coombs, S, Zhou, X (2010) Developing professional knowledge about teachers through metaphor research: Facilitating a process of change. Teacher Development 14(3): 381395.
Google Scholar | Crossref
View access options

My Account

Welcome
You do not have access to this content.



Chinese Institutions / 中国用户

Click the button below for the full-text content

请点击以下获取该全文

Institutional Access

does not have access to this content.

Purchase Content

24 hours online access to download content

Your Access Options


Purchase

EMA-article-ppv for $36.00

Article available in:

Related Articles

Citing articles: 0