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Research article
First published online October 19, 2020

“Because they are connected”: Linking structural inequalities in farmworker organizing

Abstract

Abstract

Agriculture in the United States (US), long dominated by white male interests, is rooted in entrenched structural inequalities. Prominent among them is the power of growers over a dependable low-wage racialized and gendered workforce that is disciplined with the threat of their disposability. Workers and other activists have long responded with opposition. We advance radical food geography scholarship with a relational understanding of the structural inequalities that farmworkers experience and their resistance through farmworker movements, by centering the perspectives and experiences of activists with an intersectional praxis. We begin with a review of the compounding economic, political, and social inequalities experienced by farmworkers in the US in the context of xenophobic enforcement-first approaches to policing documented and undocumented Latinx immigrants. We then present a case study of Community to Community Development (C2C) in Washington state, an example of the radical frontlines of resistance by farmworker advocacy groups, as they link systems of oppression, especially with regard to class, immigration status, gender, and race. Ultimately, we argue for elevating more intersectional forms of organizing in the food system. In doing so, we encourage radical food geographers to conduct scholarship-activism more open to the many intersections between social position and structural inequality and resistance.

Resumen

La agricultura en los Estados Unidos (EE.UU.),dominada durante mucho tiempo por los intereses de los hombres blancos, tienesus raíces en desigualdades estructurales arraigadas. Destaca entre ellos elpoder de los productores sobre una fuerza laboral confiable, racializada ysexista, de bajos salarios, que es disciplinada con la amenaza de sudesechabilidad. Pero los trabajadores y otros activistas han respondido durantemucho tiempo con oposición. Avanzamos en la erudición radical de la geografíaalimentaria con una comprensión relacional de las desigualdades estructuralesque experimentan los trabajadores agrícolas y su resistencia a través de losmovimientos de trabajadores agrícolas, al centrar las perspectivas yexperiencias de los activistas con una praxis interseccional. Comenzamos conuna revisión de las desigualdades económicas, políticas y sociales agravadasque experimentan los trabajadores agrícolas en los EE. UU. En el contexto de laaplicación xenófoba: primeros enfoques para vigilar a inmigrantes latinxdocumentados e indocumentados. Luego presentamos un estudio de caso deDesarrollo de comunidad a comunidad (C2C) en el estado de Washington, unejemplo de la resistencia radical de los grupos de defensa de los trabajadoresagrícolas, ya que vinculan sistemas de opresión, especialmente con respecto ala clase, el estatus migratorio, el género y carrera. En última instancia,abogamos por elevar formas más interseccionales de organización en el sistemaalimentario para impulsar la geografía alimentaria radical para llevar a caboun activismo académico más abierto a las muchas intersecciones entre laposición social y la desigualdad y resistencia estructural.

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Biographies

Joshua Sbicca is Associate Professor of Sociology at Colorado State University and is the author of Food Justice Now!: Deepening the Roots of Social Struggle and a co-editor of A Recipe for Gentrification: Food, Power, and Resistance in the City.
Laura-Anne Minkoff-Zern is an Associate Professor of Food Studies at Syracuse University and author of The New American Farmer: Immigration, Race, and the Struggle for Sustainability (MIT Press).
Shelby Coopwood received her MA from the Department of Sociology.