Modeling and Laboratory Assessment of Capillary Rise in Stabilized Pavement Materials
Abstract
Capillary rise tests were carried out on marginal material (scoria) stabilized with two cementitious additives, general purpose cement, and general blended cement up to 5.5% by dry weight. The test results indicated that capillary rise occurred along the entire specimen height of 345 mm (100%) for both specimens. The rate of rise and the water absorption reduced as the binder content was increased, and a similar trend was found for specimens cured at 7 to 28 days. The saturated hydraulic conductivity and porosity were found to be approximately 10-8 m/s and 0.3, respectively. The theoretical basis for the capillary rise is explained by using the simple capillary tube model and water retention characteristics. A simplified model was developed to analyze the capillary rise tests. The model appeared to present the capillary characteristics reasonably well. On the basis of the theoretical approach presented, the test appears to be directly relevant to the field scenario when free water is available at the base of the pavement; however, other scenarios may be simulated approximately.
Get full access to this article
View all access and purchase options for this article.
References
1. Cedergren H. R. America's Pavements: World's Longest Bathtubs. Civil Engineering, Vol. 64, No. 9, 1994, pp. 56–58.
2. Jameson G. W., Sharp K. G., and Yeo R. Cement-Treated Crushed Rock Pavement Fatigue Under Accelerated Loading: The Mulgrave (Victoria) ALF Trial, 1989/91. ARRB ARR 229. ARRB Transport Research Vermont South, 1992.
3. Chakrabarti S., Kodikara J. K., and Pardo L. Survey Results on Stabilisation Methods and Performance of Local Government Roads in Australia. Road and Transport Research Journal, ARRB Transport Research, Vol. 11, No. 3, 2002, pp. 3–16.
4. Lay M. G. Handbook of Road Technology, Volume 1—Planning and Pavements, 3rd ed. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, New York, 1999.
5. Bonnot J. Assessing the Properties of Materials for the Structural Design of Pavements. Proc., 3rd International Conference on the Structural Design of Asphalt Pavements, Vol. 1, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1972.
6. Austroads Stabilisation Expert Group. Mix Design for Stabilised Materials. ARRB TR Report APRG 02/01 (PD), compiled by G. Foley, New South Wales, Australia, Nov. 2001.
7. Austroads. Guide to Stabilisation in Roadworks. Austroads Incorporated, New South Wales, Australia, 1998.
8. Neville A. M. Cementitious Materials—A Different Viewpoint. American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 1994.
9. Chakrabarti S., and Kodikara J. K. Basaltic Crushed Rock Stabilized with Cementitious Additives: Compressive Strength and Stiffness, Drying Shrinkage, and Capillary Flow Characteristics. In Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1819, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 2003, pp. 18–26.
10. Kodikara J. K., Lee K.-Y., and Chakrabarti S. Laboratory Assessment of Capillary Rise in Cementitiously Stabilised Crushed Rock. Presented at ARRB Conference, Cairns, Australia, June 2003. Australian Road Research Board, Melbourne.
11. Kodikara J. K., and Rahman F. Effects of Specimen Consolidation on the Laboratory Hydraulic Conductivity Measurement. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 39, No. 4, 2002, pp. 908–923.
12. Gould R. F. Contact Angle: Wettability and Adhesion, Advances in Chemistry Series, 43 (Gould R. F., ed.). American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1964.
13. Fredlund D. G., and Rahardjo H. Soil Mechanics for Unsaturated Soils. John Wiley and Sons, Canadian Research Council, Ottawa, 1993.
14. Rode A. A. Theory of Soil Moisture, Moisture Properties of Soils and Movement of Soil Moisture, Vol. 1 [translated from Russian]. Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem, 1969.
15. Khalili N., and Khabbaz M. H. A Unique Relationship for X for the Determination of the Shear Strength of Unsaturated Soil. Geotechnique, Vol. 48, No. 5, 1998, pp. 681–687.
16. Hogentogler C. A., and Barbour E. S. Discussion in Soil Water Phenomena. Highway Research Board Proceedings, Vol. 21, 1941, pp. 452–465.
Cite article
Cite article
Cite article
OR
Download to reference manager
If you have citation software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice
Information, rights and permissions
Information
Published In
Article first published: January 2004
Issue published: January 2004
Authors
Metrics and citations
Metrics
Journals metrics
This article was published in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board.
VIEW ALL JOURNAL METRICSArticle usage*
Total views and downloads: 26
*Article usage tracking started in December 2016
Altmetric
See the impact this article is making through the number of times it’s been read, and the Altmetric Score.
Learn more about the Altmetric Scores
Articles citing this one
Receive email alerts when this article is cited
Web of Science: 0
Crossref: 9
- Characterisation of road base materials treated by hybrid alkali-activ...
- Effect of Degradation on Mechanical Strengths of Alkali-Activated Fine...
- A review of full-depth reclamation of pavements with Portland cement: ...
- Durability and shrinkage studies of cement stabilsed granular lateriti...
- The influence of dynamic environmental conditions on capillary water u...
- Performance Evaluation of Road Pavements Stabilized In Situ
- Response of a plastic pipe buried in expansive clay
- Numerical analysis of an experimental pipe buried in swelling soil
- Chapter 15 Performance evaluation of road pavements stabilised in situ
Figures and tables
Figures & Media
Tables
View Options
Get access
Access options
If you have access to journal content via a personal subscription, university, library, employer or society, select from the options below:
loading institutional access options
Alternatively, view purchase options below:
Purchase 24 hour online access to view and download content.
Access journal content via a DeepDyve subscription or find out more about this option.
