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First published online January 1, 2009

Practical Use of Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery Test: Characterization of Styrene–Butadiene–Styrene Dispersion and Other Additives in Polymer-Modified Asphalt Binders

Abstract

The rheological properties of asphalt binders modified by styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) depend on formulation variables. The most sensitive of them may be listed as polymer amount, cross-linking agent amount (percentage), and other additives such as polyphosphoric acid (PPA). The dispersion of SBS in an asphalt binder depends on the time and temperature of blending and the base asphalt binder compatibility. In this study an incompatible binder and a compatible base asphalt binder were selected and modified with various amounts of SBS. Elemental sulfur was used as a cross-linking agent in different proportions. Other additives, such as PPA at 0.5% concentration, were also used. High shear blends of SBS-modified asphalt binders were made in the laboratory by varying blending time until an optimum dispersion of polymer was obtained. The dispersion of the polymer was studied with a fluorescence microscope. A multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) test was used to study creep and recovery behavior of these modified binders. MSCR test results (Jnr and percentage recovery) were able to characterize the extent of dispersion of SBS in these polymer-modified asphalts (PMA). This implies that a fundamental test method is now available to discriminate between the dump-and-stir types of PMAs and those that have been optimally dispersed. This presentation discusses the effect of SBS dispersion and other additives on the MSCR test results.

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References

1. D'Angelo J., Dongré R., and Reinke G. Evaluation of Repeated Creep and Recovery Test Method as an Alternative to SHRP+ Requirements for Polymer Modified Asphalt Binders. Proc., Canadian Technical Asphalt Conference, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, 2006.
2. D'Angelo J., Kluttz R. Q., Dongré R., and Keith S. Revision of the Superpave High Temperature Binder Specification: The Multiple Stress Creep Recovery Test. Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, Vol. 76, 2007, p. 123.
3. Zubeck H., Lutfi R., Saboundjian S., Minassian G., and Ryer J. Constructability of Polymer Modified Asphalt and Asphalt-Aggregate Mixtures in Alaska. FHWA-AK-RD 99-1. Cold Regions Engineering: Putting Research into Practice, ASCE, Reston, Va., 1999.
4. Lu X., and Isacsson U. Chemical and Rheological Characteristics of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Polymer-Modified Bitumens. In Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1661, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1999, pp. 83–92.
5. Brule B., Brion Y., and Tanguy A. Paving Asphalts Polymer Blends: Relationships Between Composition, Structure and Properties. Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologist, Vol. 57, 1988 pp. 41–64.
6. D'Angelo J. Development of a Performance-Based Binder Specification using Creep and Recovery. PhD thesis. University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 2009.

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Article first published online: January 1, 2009
Issue published: January 2009

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© 2009 National Academy of Sciences.
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Authors

Affiliations

John D'Angelo
FHWA Headquarters, Office of Pavement Technology, HIPT-10, 400 7th Street Southwest, Room 3118 Nassif, Washington, DC, 20590.
Raj Dongré
Dongré Laboratory Services, Inc., 2821Q Dorr Avenue, Fairfax, VA, 22031.

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