Empirical Results of Effects of Various Causal Factors on Car-Following Behavior
Abstract
Experimentation and analysis methodologies for data intended for the development of microscopic car-following models are presented. The data methodology centers on the notion that it is better to sample a varied group of real drivers when the subjects are unaware that an experiment is being conducted. This contrasts with the methods used to calibrate most conventional models. The analysis focuses on determining possible causal factors, beyond the kinematic variables most often used, that could play a role in real traffic. These factors include various human characteristics (e.g., gender and distractions related to in-vehicle conditions like telephoning and vehicle occupancy); traffic and road characteristics (e.g., type of vehicle, congestion level, and location of driving lane); and environmental characteristics (e.g., time of day and weather conditions). The paper shows the magnitudes of the relationships that are discovered and offers suggestions as to how these results might contribute to the development of better models.
Get full access to this article
View all access and purchase options for this article.
References
1. Lin T.-W., Hwang S., and Green P. Effects of Time-Gap Settings of Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) on Driving Performance and Subjective Acceptance in a Bus Driving Simulator. Safety Science, Vol. 47, No. 5, 2009, pp. 620–625.
2. Wang J., and Rajamani R. Should Adaptive Cruise-Control Systems Be Designed to Maintain a Constant Time Gap Between Vehicles? IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 53, No. 5, 2004, pp. 1480–1490.
3. Pipes L. A. An Operational Analysis of Traffic Dynamics. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 24, No. 3, 1953, pp. 274–281.
4. Kometani E., and Sasaki T. A Safety Index for Traffic with Linear Spacing. Operations Research, Vo1. 7, 1959, pp. 704–720.
5. Herman R., Montroll E. W., and Potts R. B. Traffic Dynamics: Analysis of Stability in Car Following. Operations Research, Vol. 7, 1959, pp. 86–106.
6. Herman R., and Potts R. B. Single-Lane Traffic Theory and Experiment. In Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Transportation and Traffic Theory, Warren, Mich., 1961, pp. 120–146.
7. Herman R., and Rothery R. W. Car-Following and Steady State Flow. Proc. 2nd International Symposium on Transportation and Traffic Theory, London, 1965, pp. 1–11.
8. Herman R., and Rothery R. W. Propagation of Disturbances in Vehicular Platoons. Proc. 3rd International Symposium on Transportation and Traffic Theory, New York, 1967, pp. 14–25.
9. Gazis D. C., Herman R., and Potts R. B. Car-Following Theory of Steady-State Traffic Flow. Operations Research, Vol. 7, 1959, pp. 499–505.
10. Gazis D. C., Herman R., and Richard W. R. Nonlinear Follow-the-Leader Models of Traffic Flow. Operations Research, Vol. 9, 1961, pp. 545–567.
11. Gipps P. G. A Behavioral Car Following Model for Computer Simulation. Transportation Research B, Vol. 15, 1981, pp. 105–111.
12. Ozaki H. Reaction and Anticipation in the Car-Following Behavior. Proc. 12th International Symposium on Transportation and Traffic Theory, University of California, Berkeley, 1993, pp. 349–366.
13. Low D., and Addison P. The Complex Dynamical Behavior of Congested Road Traffic. In Third IMA International Conference on Mathematics in Transport Planning and Control, Cardiff, United Kingdom, 1993, pp. 341–350.
14. Kikuchi S., and Chakroborty P. Car-Following Model Based on Fuzzy Inference System. In Transportation Research Record 1365, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1992, pp. 82–91.
15. Chakroborty P., and Kikuchi S. Evaluation of the General Motors–Based Car-Following Models and a Proposed Fuzzy Inference Model. Transportation Research C, Vol. 7, 1999, pp. 209–235.
16. Zhang H. M., and Kim T. A Car-Following Theory for Multiphase Vehicular Traffic Flow. Transportation Research B, Vol. 39, No. 5, 2005, pp. 385–399.
17. Rockwell T. R. Skills, Judgment, and Information Acquisition in Driving. In Human Factors in Highway Traffic Safety Research, Wiley, New York, 1972.
18. Evans L., and Wasielewski P. Risky Driving Related to Driver and Vehicle Characteristics. Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 15, 1983, pp. 121–136.
19. Chen S., Sheridan T., Ahn S., Mathew M., Kambourides M., Kusunoki H., and Komoda N. Car-Following Behavior: Effect of Environment. Proc. 1995 Annual Meeting of ITS America, 1995, pp. 993–999.
20. Kim T. Analysis of Variability in Car-Following Behavior over Long-Term Driving Maneuvers. PhD dissertation. University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.
21. Kim T., Lovell D. J., and Park Y. Empirical Analysis of Underlying Mechanisms and Variability in Car-Following Behavior. In Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1999, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2007, pp. 170–179.
22. Interstate 80 Freeway Dataset. NGSIM fact sheet FHWA-HRT-06-137. FHWA, U.S. Department of Transportation, 2006.
23. US Highway 101 Dataset. NGSIM fact sheet FHWA-HRT-07-030. FHWA, U.S. Department of Transportation, 2007.
Cite article
Cite article
Cite article
OR
Download to reference manager
If you have citation software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice
Information, rights and permissions
Information
Published In
Article first published online: January 1, 2010
Issue published: January 2010
Authors
Metrics and citations
Metrics
Journals metrics
This article was published in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board.
VIEW ALL JOURNAL METRICSArticle usage*
Total views and downloads: 31
*Article usage tracking started in December 2016
Altmetric
See the impact this article is making through the number of times it’s been read, and the Altmetric Score.
Learn more about the Altmetric Scores
Articles citing this one
Receive email alerts when this article is cited
Web of Science: 0
Crossref: 6
- Lane-Change Risk When the Subject Vehicle Is Faster Than the Following...
- Causal Analysis for Understanding Vehicle Behavior Affected by Multipl...
- Comparison of Car-Following Behavior in Terms of Safety Indicators Bet...
- Hardware and software for collecting microscopic trajectory data on na...
- A New Car-Following Model considering Driving Characteristics and Prec...
- Simplified Method for Evaluating the Impact of a Transportation Networ...
Figures and tables
Figures & Media
Tables
View Options
Get access
Access options
If you have access to journal content via a personal subscription, university, library, employer or society, select from the options below:
loading institutional access options
Alternatively, view purchase options below:
Purchase 24 hour online access to view and download content.
Access journal content via a DeepDyve subscription or find out more about this option.
