Skip to main content
Intended for healthcare professionals
Restricted access
Research article
First published online January 1, 2010

Development and Implementation of a Vehicle–Pedestrian Conflict Analysis Method: Adaptation of a Vehicle–Vehicle Technique

Abstract

This paper examines the development, use, and evaluation of a new traffic conflict analysis technique that specifically addresses pedestrian–vehicle conflicts with the intention of being applicable to shared-space environments. The method is based on an existing, well-established, and widely used vehicle–vehicle conflict analysis technique, but is adapted to consider the movement of pedestrians, which differs significantly from that of vehicles. The new method is then implemented on the Exhibition Road site of West London with the use of video data collected from locations with a potentially high concentration of vehicle–pedestrian conflicts, and the results of the analysis are presented. Finally, the results are compared with those obtained by other conflict analysis techniques and also against accident data to assess not only the accuracy but also the functionality of the new technique.

Get full access to this article

View all access and purchase options for this article.

References

1. Buchanan C., Cooper G. H. C., MacEwen A., Crompton D. H., Crow G., Michell G., Dallimore D., Hills P., and Burton D. Traffic in Towns. HMSO, London, 1963.
2. Jones P., Boujenko N., and Marshall S. Link and Place: A Guide to Street Planning and Design. Landon Publishing, London, 2008.
3. Hamilton-Baillie B. A Street Revolution. Green Places, June 2004, pp. 20–23.
4. Hamilton-Baillie B. Urban Design: Why Don't We Do It in the Road. Journal of Urban Technology, Vol. 11, 2004, pp. 43–62.
5. Hamilton-Baillie B., and Jones P. Improving Traffic Behaviour and Safety Through Urban Design. Proc., Institution of Civil Engineers–Civil Engineering, Vol. 158, 2005, pp. 39–47.
6. Hamilton-Baillie B. Towards Shared Space. Urban Design International, Vol. 13, 2008, pp. 130–138.
7. Hamilton-Baillie B. Shared Space: Reconciling People, Places and Traffic. Built Environment, Vol. 34, 2008, pp. 161–181.
8. Perkins S. R., and Harris J. I. Traffic Conflict Characteristics—Accident Potential at Intersections. In Highway Research Record 225, HRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1968, pp. 35–43.
9. Allen B. L., Shin B. T., and Cooper P. J. Analysis of Traffic Conflicts and Collisions. In Transportation Research Record 667, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1978, pp. 67–74.
10. Hydén C. The Development of a Method for Traffic Safety Evaluation: The Swedish Traffic Conflicts Technique. Department of Technology and Society, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, 1987.
11. Swain J. Highway Safety: The Traffic Conflict Technique. Transport and Road Research Laboratory, London, 1987.
12. Parker M. R. Jr., and Zegeer C. V. Traffic Conflict Techniques for Safety and Operations. Observers Manual. Report FHWA-IP-88-027. FHWA, U.S. Department of Transportation, 1989.
13. Muhlrad N. Traffic Conflict Techniques and Other Forms of Behavioural Analysis: Application to Safety Diagnoses. Proc. 6th International Co-Operation on Theories and Concepts in Traffic Safety (ICTCT) Workshop, 1993.
14. Chin H.-C., and Quek S.-T. Measurement of Traffic Conflicts. Safety Science, Vol. 26, 1997, pp. 169–185.
15. Archer J. Traffic Conflict Technique: Historical to Current State-of-the-Art. Report KTH/INFRA-02/010-SE. Institutionen för Infrastruktur, Kungl Tekniska Högskolan, Stockholm, Sweden, 2001.
16. Minderhoud M. M., and P. H. L. Bovy Extended Time-to-Collision Measures for Road Traffic Safety Assessment. Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 33, 2001, pp. 89–97.
17. Saunier N., and Sayed T. A. Automated Analysis of Road Safety with Video Data. In Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2019, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2007, pp. 57–64.
18. Castelar S. Improving Traffic Conditions in San Salvador: Application of the Swedish Traffic Conflicts Technique. International Training Program: Urban Transport. Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Stockholm, Sweden, 2007.
19. Lord D. Analysis of Pedestrian Conflicts with Left-Turning Traffic. In Transportation Research Record 1538, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1996, pp. 61–67.
20. Chen Y., and Meng H. Safety Improvement Practice for Vulnerable Road Users in Beijing Junctions. Presented at 88th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C., 2009.
21. Cynecki M. J. Development of Conflicts Analysis Technique for Pedestrian Crossings. In Transportation Research Record 743, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1980, pp. 12–20.
22. Malkhamah S., Tight M., and Montgomery F. The Development of an Automatic Method of Safety Monitoring at Pelican Crossings. Accident Analysis and Prevention, Vol. 37, 2005, pp. 938–946.
23. Ismail K., Sayed T., Saunier N., and Lim C. Automated Analysis of Pedestrian–Vehicle Conflicts Using Video Data. In Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2140, Transportation Research Board of the National Academies, Washington, D.C., 2009, pp. 44–54.
24. Road Casualties Great Britain: 2007 (STATS19 returns). Department for Transport, London, 2008.

Cite article

Cite article

Cite article

OR

Download to reference manager

If you have citation software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice

Share options

Share

Share this article

Share with email
EMAIL ARTICLE LINK
Share on social media

Share access to this article

Sharing links are not relevant where the article is open access and not available if you do not have a subscription.

For more information view the Sage Journals article sharing page.

Information, rights and permissions

Information

Published In

Article first published online: January 1, 2010
Issue published: January 2010

Rights and permissions

© 2010 National Academy of Sciences.
Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Ioannis Kaparias
Centre for Transport Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Skempton Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BU, United Kingdom.
Michael G. H. Bell
Centre for Transport Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Skempton Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BU, United Kingdom.
John Greensted
Centre for Transport Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Skempton Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BU, United Kingdom.
Saffier Cheng
Centre for Transport Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Skempton Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BU, United Kingdom.
Ashkan Miri
Centre for Transport Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Skempton Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BU, United Kingdom.
Christopher Taylor
Centre for Transport Studies, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Skempton Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BU, United Kingdom.
Bill Mount
Transportation and Highways, Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea, Town Hall, Hornton Street, London W8 7NX, United Kingdom.

Notes

Metrics and citations

Metrics

Journals metrics

This article was published in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board.

VIEW ALL JOURNAL METRICS

Article usage*

Total views and downloads: 216

*Article usage tracking started in December 2016


Altmetric

See the impact this article is making through the number of times it’s been read, and the Altmetric Score.
Learn more about the Altmetric Scores



Articles citing this one

Receive email alerts when this article is cited

Web of Science: 0

Crossref: 51

  1. Before-after safety analysis of a shared space implementation
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  2. Enhanced Crash Frequency Models Using Surrogate Safety Measures from C...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  3. Glacier Change and Its Response to Climate Change in Western China
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  4. Parking Planning With Route Assignment for Planned Special Events
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  5. Analysis of pedestrian-related crossing behavior at intersections: A L...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  6. Why so serious? - Comparing two traffic conflict techniques for asses...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  7. Behaviour and perceptions of powered two-wheeler users in street desig...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  8. SafetyCube: Framework for potential pedestrian risk analysis using mul...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  9. Exploring pedestrian surrogate safety measures by road geometry at mid...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  10. Contrasting Perspectives on the Comfort and Safety of Pedestrians Inte...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  11. Modeling traffic conflicts for use in road safety analysis: A review o...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  12. Evaluation of pedestrian safety in unsignalized T and X – Intersection...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  13. Event-based road safety assessment: A novel approach towards risk micr...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  14. A Conceptual Model of Conflicts in Shared Spaces
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  15. Vehicle and Pedestrian Level of Service in Street Designs with Element...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  16. Safety assessment of pedestrian crossing solutions
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  17. An improved vehicle-pedestrian near-crash identification method with a...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  18. Surrogate safety indicator for unsignalised pedestrian crossings
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  19. A novel skateboarder-related near-crash identification method with roa...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  20. Evaluating pedestrian vehicle interaction dynamics at un-signalized in...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  21. Models to evaluate the severity of pedestrian-vehicle conflicts in fiv...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  22. Analysis of the Characteristics and Number of Bicycle–Passenger Confli...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  23. Using crowd sourcing to locate and characterize conflicts for vulnerab...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  24. From univariate to bivariate extreme value models: Approaches to integ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  25. Validating the bivariate extreme value modeling approach for road safe...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  26. Evaluation of Pedestrian Safety Index at Urban Mid-Block
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  27. Assessing safety of shared space using cyclist-pedestrian interactions...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  28. In search of surrogate safety indicators for vulnerable road users: a ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  29. Research on Urban Street Design and Traffic Management in Historical D...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  30. Application of proximal surrogate indicators for safety evaluation: A ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  31. Analysis of drivers’ performance in response to potential collision wi...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  32. A Cost-Effective Framework for Automated Vehicle-Pedestrian Near-Miss ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  33. Examining pedestrian evasive actions as a potential indicator for traf...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  34. Comparison of Time-Proximity and Evasive Action Conflict Measures: Cas...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  35. Evaluation of pedestrian safety at intersections: A theoretical framew...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  36. Pedestrian Gap Acceptance Behavior in Street Designs with Elements of ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  37. Comprehensive Safety Diagnosis Using Automated Video Analysis: Applica...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  38. Pedestrian Safety Assessment with Video Analysis
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  39. Development and Validation of a Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Traffic Si...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  40. Behavioural analysis of interactions between pedestrians and vehicles ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  41. Assessing Safety Improvements to Pedestrian Crossings Using Automated ...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  42. Traffic conflict techniques for road safety analysis: open questions a...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  43. Scene‐based pedestrian safety performance model in mixed traffic situa...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  44. A Review of the Evolution of Shared (Street) Space Concepts in Urban E...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  45. Analysis of Pedestrian Performance in Shared-Space Environments
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  46. Analysis of Pedestrian–Vehicle Traffic Conflicts in Street Designs wit...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  47. Application of Computer Vision to Diagnosis of Pedestrian Safety Issue...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  48. Pedestrian Safety Analysis in Mixed Traffic Conditions Using Video Dat...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  49. Predicting Pedestrian Conflict Avoidance Behavior during School Commut...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  50. Analysing the perceptions of pedestrians and drivers to shared space
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar
  51. Development and Implementation of Conflict-Based Assessment of Pedestr...
    Go to citation Crossref Google Scholar

Figures and tables

Figures & Media

Tables

View Options

Get access

Access options

If you have access to journal content via a personal subscription, university, library, employer or society, select from the options below:


Alternatively, view purchase options below:

Purchase 24 hour online access to view and download content.

Access journal content via a DeepDyve subscription or find out more about this option.

View options

PDF/ePub

View PDF/ePub