Backcalculation with an Implanted Inertial Sensor
Abstract
This paper models and analyzes a pavement's response to a passing vehicle as captured by an embedded inertial sensor. Both ideal conditions, in which the riding surface is perfectly smooth, and more realistic conditions, in which load magnitudes fluctuate, are considered. A new back-calculation scheme is proposed for the use of a measured acceleration trace as the basis for inferring mechanical layer properties, vehicle travel speed, and weight distribution between axles. The suggested approach does not require double integration of the raw signal to arrive at displacements; this approach is based on matching computed accelerations with smoothed field measurements. The overall performance of the method is validated by application to several synthetic cases and to field-measured data.
Get full access to this article
View all access and purchase options for this article.
References
1. Uzan J. Dynamic Linear Back Calculation of Pavement Material Parameters. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Vol. 120, No. 1, 1994, pp. 109–126.
2. Chatti K. Use of Dynamic Analysis for Interpreting Pavement Response in Falling Weight Deflectometer Testing. Material Evaluation, Vol. 62, No. 7, 2004, pp. 764–774.
3. Freeman R.B., Tommy C. H., McEwen T., and Powell R.B. Instrumentation at the National Center for Asphalt Technology Test Track. ERDC TR-01-9. Engineer Research and Development Center, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, Miss., 2001.
4. Weinmann T.L., Lewis A.E., and Tayabji S.D. Pavement Sensors Used at Accelerated Pavement Test Facilities. Proc., 2nd International Conference on Accelerated Pavement Testing, Minneapolis, Minn., 2004.
5. Levenberg E., McDaniel R.S., and Pellinen T.K. Backcalculation of Layer Moduli Using Time History of Embedded Gauge Readings. Proc., 3rd International Conference on Accelerated Pavement Testing, Madrid, Spain, 2008.
6. Levenberg E. Backcalculation of Anisotropic Pavement Properties Using Time History of Embedded Gauge Readings. In Selected Papers from the 2009 GeoHunan International Conference: Asphalt Material Characterization, Accelerated Testing, and Highway Management, ASCE, Reston, Va., 2009, pp. 79–85.
7. Levenberg E. Inferring Pavement Properties using an Embedded Accelerometer. International Journal of Transportation Science and Technology, Vol. 1, No. 3, 2012, pp. 229–246.
8. Levenberg E. Inverse Analysis of Viscoelastic Pavement Properties Using Data from Embedded Instrumentation. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, Vol. 37, No. 9, 2013, pp. 1016–1033.
9. Levenberg E., and Garg N. Estimating the Coefficient of At-Rest Earth Pressure in Granular Pavement Layers. Transportation Geotechnics, Vol. 1, 2014, pp. 21–30.
10. Levenberg E., Shmuel I., Orbach M., and Mizrachi B. Wireless Pavement Sensors for Wide-Area Instrumentation. Proc., 3rd International Conference on Transportation Infrastructure: Sustainability, Eco-efficiency and Conservation in Transportation Infrastructure Asset Management, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., 2014, pp. 307–319.
11. Irwin L. H. Determination of Pavement Layer Moduli from Surface Deflection Data for Pavement Performance Evaluation. Proc., 4th International Conference on the Structural Designs of Asphalt Pavements, Vol. 1, Ann Arbor, Mich., 1977, pp. 831–840.
12. Hoffman M.S., and Thomson M.R. Comparative Study of Selected Nondestructive Testing Devices. In Transportation Research Record 852, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., 1982, pp. 32–41.
13. Ryynänen T., Pellinen T., and Belt J. The Use of Accelerometers in the Pavement Performance Monitoring and Analysis. IOP Conference Series on Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 10, No. 1, 2010, pp. 1–10.
14. Arraigada M., Partl M.N., and Angelone S.M. Determination of Road Deflections from Traffic Induced Accelerations. Road Materials and Pavement Design, Vol. 8, No. 3, 2007, pp. 399–421.
15. Arraigada M., Partl M. N., Angelone S.M., and Martinez F. Evaluation of Accelerometers to Determine Pavement Deflections under Traffic Loads. RILEM Journal of Materials and Structures, Vol. 42, No. 6, 2009, pp. 779–790.
16. Thong Y.K., Woolfson M. S., Crowe J. A., Hayes-Gill B. R., and Challis R.E. Dependence of Inertial Measurements of Distance on Accelerometer Noise. Measurement Science and Technology, Vol. 13, 2002, pp. 1163–1172.
17. Stiros S. C. Errors in Velocities and Displacements Deduced from Accelerographs: An Approach Based on the Theory of Error Propagation. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 28, No. 5, 2008, pp. 415–420.
18. Eason G. The Stresses Produced in a Semi-Infinite Solid by a Moving Surface Force. International Journal of Engineering Science, Vol. 2, No. 6, 1965, pp. 581–609.
19. Nazarian S., and Stokoe K. Evaluation of Moduli and Thicknesses of Pavement Systems by Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves Method. FHWA/TX-83/26+256-4. Center for Transportation Research, University of Texas at Austin, 1983.
20. Ryden N., Park C. B., Ulriksen P., and Miller R.D. Multimodal Approach to Seismic Pavement Testing. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 130, No. 6, 2004, pp. 636–645.
21. Hardy M. S. A., and Cebon D. Importance of Speed and Frequency in Flexible Pavement Response. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, Vol. 120, No. 3, 1994, pp. 463–482.
22. Cesbron J., Anfosso-Lédée F., Duhamel D., Yin H. P., and Le Houédec D. Experimental Study of Tire/Road Contact Forces in Rolling Conditions for Noise Prediction. Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 320, No. 1–2, 2009, pp. 125–144.
23. Sun L. An Overview of a Unified Theory of Dynamics of Vehicle-Pavement Interaction Under Moving and Stochastic Load. Journal of Modern Transportation, Vol. 21, No. 3, 2013, pp. 135–162.
24. Lak M.A., Degrande G., and Lombaert G. The Effect of Road Unevenness on the Dynamic Vehicle Response and Ground-Born Vibrations Due to Road Traffic. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 31, 2011, pp. 1357–1377.
25. Zafir Z., Siddharthan R., and Sebaaly P.E. Dynamic Pavement-Strain Histories from Moving Traffic Load. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Vol. 120, No. 5, 1994, pp. 821–842.
26. Savitzky A., and Golay M. J. E. Smoothing and Differentiation of Data by Simplified Least Squares Procedures. Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 36, No. 8, 1964, pp. 1627–1639.
27. Gorry P. A. General Least-Squares Smoothing and Differentiation by the Convolution (Savitzky-Golay) Method. Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 62, 1990, pp. 570–573.
28. Levenberg E., McDaniel R.S., and Olek J. Validation of NCAT Structural Test Track Experiment Using INDOT APT Facility: Final Report. FHWA/IN/JTRP-2008/26. Joint Transportation Research Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind., 2009.
Cite article
Cite article
Cite article
OR
Download to reference manager
If you have citation software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice
Information, rights and permissions
Information
Published In
Article first published online: April 28, 2019
Issue published: January 2015
Authors
Metrics and citations
Metrics
Journals metrics
This article was published in Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board.
VIEW ALL JOURNAL METRICSArticle usage*
Total views and downloads: 23
*Article usage tracking started in December 2016
Altmetric
See the impact this article is making through the number of times it’s been read, and the Altmetric Score.
Learn more about the Altmetric Scores
Articles citing this one
Receive email alerts when this article is cited
Web of Science: 0
Crossref: 5
- Mechanistic modelling of grid-reinforced milled-and-overlaid asphalt p...
- Analysis of a moving measurement platform based on line profile sensor...
- Assessing artificial neural network performance for predicting interla...
- Inference of Pavement Properties with Roadside Accelerometers
- Inverse Analysis of Pavement Layer Moduli Based on Data Collected by B...
Figures and tables
Figures & Media
Tables
View Options
Get access
Access options
If you have access to journal content via a personal subscription, university, library, employer or society, select from the options below:
loading institutional access options
Alternatively, view purchase options below:
Purchase 24 hour online access to view and download content.
Access journal content via a DeepDyve subscription or find out more about this option.
