Modalities of opposition: Control and resistance via visual materiality

First Published March 1, 2017 Research Article

Authors

FGV-EAESP, Brazil
by this author
,
Grenoble Ecole de Management, France, and Insper
by this author
First Published Online: March 1, 2017

This article examines how the material, and specifically visual, aspects of organizing contribute to understanding control and resistance issues in organizations. Whereas the role of visuality in workplace power relations has been acknowledged, the processes by which specific visual affordances contribute to power contests are not well understood. We argue that the diverse affordances of visual images offer opportunities for both control and resistance, where control is exerted via the normalizing and objectifying feature of visuality, while resistance draws on bricolage and juxtaposition to subvert dominant management discourses. Based on an ethnographic study of an industrial print company, we show how the diverse uses of visuality create a field for negotiating organizational tensions. We draw conclusions for the study of visual affordances as a tool for control and resistance struggles in organizations.

Adorno, T. (1984) Aesthetic Theory. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Google Scholar
Alcadipani, R., Tonelli, M. J. (2014) ‘Imagining gender research: Violence, masculinity, and the shop floor’, Gender, Work & Organization 21(4): 32139.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Andermann, J. (2010) ‘State formation, visual technology and spectatorship: Visions of modernity in Brazil and Argentina’, Theory, Culture & Society 27(7–8): 16183.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Barthes, R. (1993) Camera Lucida: Reflections on Photography. London: Vintage Books.
Google Scholar
Bell, E. (2012) ‘Ways of seeing death: A critical semiotic analysis of organizational memorialization’, Visual Studies 27(1): 417.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Bell, E., Davison, J. (2013) ‘Visual management studies: Empirical and theoretical approaches’, International Journal of Management Reviews 15(2): 16784.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Belmondo, C., Sargis-Roussel, C. (2015) ‘Negotiating language, meaning and intention: Strategy infrastructure as the outcome of using a strategy tool through transforming strategy objects’, British Journal of Management 26: S90104.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Boltanski, L. (2011) On Critique: A Sociology of Emancipation. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Google Scholar
Boltanski, L., Chiapello, E. (2005) The New Spirit of Capitalism. London: Verso Books.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Boxenbaum, E., Rouleau, L. (2011) ‘New Knowledge products as bricolage: Metaphors and scripts in organizational theory’, Academy of Management Review 36(2): 27296.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Braverman, H. (1974) Labor and Monopoly Capital: The Degradation of Work in the Twentieth Century. New York, NY: Monthly Review Press.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Brown, J. (2010) ‘Accounting and visual cultural studies: Potentialities, challenges and prospects’, Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 23(4): 482505.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Carr, A., Hancock, P. (eds) (2003) Art and Aesthetics at Work. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Collinson, D. L. (1992) Managing the Shopfloor: Subjectivity, Masculinity and Workplace Culture. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Collinson, D. L. (2002) ‘Managing humour’, Journal of Management Studies 39(3): 26988.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Collinson, D. L. (2003) ‘Identities and insecurities: Selves at work’, Organization 10(3): 52747.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Contu, A. (2008) ‘Decaf resistance: On misbehavior, cynicism and desire in liberal workplaces’, Management Communication Quarterly 21: 36479.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Courpasson, D., Dany, F., Clegg, S. (2012) ‘Resisters at work: Generating productive resistance in the workplace’, Organization Science 23(3): 80119.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Courpasson, D., Dany, F., Delbridge, R. (2016) ‘Politics of place: The meaningfulness of resisting places’, Human Relations 70: 23759.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Dale, K. (2005) ‘Building a social materiality: Spatial and embodied politics in organizational control’, Organization 12(5): 64978.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Demir, R. (2015) ‘Strategic activity as bundled affordances’, British Journal of Management 26: S12541.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Derrida, J. (1978) Writing and Difference. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Dougherty, D., Kunda, G. (1990) ‘Photograph analysis: A method to capture organizational belief systems’, in Gagliardi, P. (ed.) Symbols and Artifacts of the Corporate Landscape, p. 105-206. New York: Walter de Gruyter.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Edwards, E., Hart, J. (2004) Photographs Objects Histories: On the Materiality of Images. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Endrissat, N., Islam, G., Noppeney, C. (2016) ‘Visual organizing: Balancing coordination and creative freedom via mood boards’, Journal of Business Research 69: 235362.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Ewenstein, B., Whyte, J. (2007) ‘Beyond words: Aesthetic knowledge and knowing in organizations’, Organization Studies 28(5): 689708.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Fantasia, R., Voss, K. (2004) Hard Work: Remaking the American Labor Movement. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Fayard, A. L., Weeks, J. (2007) ‘Photocopiers and water-coolers: The affordances of informal interaction’, Organization Studies 28(5): 60534.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Fleming, P. (2009) Authenticity and the Cultural Politics of Work: New Forms of Informal Control. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Fleming, P., Spicer, A. (2007) Contesting the Corporation: Struggle, Power and Resistance in Organizations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Foster, W. M., Suddaby, R., Minkus, A.. (2011) ‘History as social memory assets: The example of Tim Hortons’, Management and Organizational History 6(1): 10120.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Frenkel, M., Shenhav, Y. (2006) ‘From binarism back to hybridity: A postcolonial reading of management and organization studies’, Organization Studies 27(6): 85576.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Gibson, J. J. (1979) The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
Google Scholar
Giroux, H. (2006) ‘It was such a handy term: Management fashions and pragmatic ambiguity’, Journal of Management Studies 43(6): 122760.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Grimshaw, A., Ravetz, A. (2005) Visualizing Antropology. Bristol: Intellect Ltd.
Google Scholar
Guthey, E., Jackson, B. (2005) ‘CEO portraits and the authenticity paradox’, Journal of Management Studies 42(5): 105782.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Hanks, W. F. (2005) ‘Explorations in the deictic field’, Current Anthropology 46(2): 191220.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Hardy, C., Phillips, N. (1999) ‘No joking matter: Discursive struggle in the Canadian refugee system’, Organization Studies 20(1): 124.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Hardy, C., Thomas, R. (2015) ‘Discourse in a material world’, Journal of Management Studies 52(5): 68096.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Hendry, J., Seidl, D. (2003) ‘The structure and significance of strategic episodes: Social systems theory and the routine practices of strategic change’, Journal of Management Studies 40: 17596.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Hodson, R. (1995) ‘Worker resistance’, Economic and Industrial Democracy 16: 79110.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Hollerer, M., Jancsary, D., Meyer, R.. (2013) ‘Imageries of corporate social responsibility: Visual recontextualization and field-level meaning’, Research in the Sociology of Organizations: Communities and Organizations 39(2013): 13974.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Islam, G. (2010) ‘Backstage discourse and the emergence of organizational voices: Exploring graffiti and organization’, Journal of Management Inquiry 19(3): 24660.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Islam, G. (2013) ‘Finding a space for story: Sensemaking, stories and epistemic impasse’, Journal of Organizational Change Management 26(1): 2948.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Islam, G., Endrissat, N., Noppeney, C. (2016) ‘Beyond the eye of the beholder: Innovation as analogical reconfiguration in niche perfumery’, Organization Studies, 37(6), 769-795.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Jarzabkowski, P., Pinch, T. (2013) ‘Sociomateriality is “the New Black”: Accomplishing repurposing, reinscripting and repairing in context’, Management 16(5): 57992.
Google Scholar
Jermier, J., Knights, D., Nord, W. (1994) Resistance and Power in Organizations. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Joerges, B., Czamiawska, B. (1998) ‘The question of technology, or how organizations inscribe the world’, Organization Studies 19(3): 36385.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Keane, W. (2005) ‘Signs are not the garb of meaning: On the social analysis of material things’, in Miller, D. (ed.) Materiality, pp. 182205. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Knox, H., O’Doherty, D., Vurdubakis, T.. (2008) ‘Enacting airports: Space, movement and modes of ordering’, Organization 15(6): 86988.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Kuhn, A. (1985) The Power of the Image. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Google Scholar
Kuronen, T. (2015) ‘Visual discourse analysis in historical research: A case of visual archaeology?’, Management & Organizational History 10(1): 5270.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Leonardi, P. M., Barley, S. R. (2010) ‘What’s under construction here? Social action, materiality, and power in constructivist studies of technology and organizing’, The Academy of Management Annals 4(1): 151.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Lévi-Strauss, C. (1966) The Savage Mind. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Google Scholar
Lukes, S. (2005 [1974]) Power: A Radical View, 2nd ed. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Google Scholar | Crossref
McGivern, G., Dopson, S. (2010) ‘Inter-epistemic power and transforming knowledge objects in a biomedical network’, Organization Studies 31(12): 166786.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Mavin, S., Grandy, G. (2016) ‘A theory of Abject Appearance: Women elite leaders’ intra-gender “management” of bodies and appearance’, Human Relations 69: 1095120
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Meyer, P. (2004) The Vanishing Newspaper: Saving Journalism in the Information Age. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press.
Google Scholar
Meyer, R. E., Höllerer, M. A., Jancsary, D.. (2013) ‘The visual dimension in organizing, organization, and organization research: Core ideas, current developments, and promising avenues’, Academy of Management Annals 7: 487553.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Morgan, D. (2005) The Sacred Gaze: Religious Visual Culture in Theory and Practice. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Mumby, D. K. (2005) ‘Theorizing resistance in organization studies: A dialectical approach’, Management Communication Quarterly 19(1): 1944.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Nichols, B. (1981) Ideology and the Image. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
Google Scholar
O’Doherty, E. M. (2011) ‘Joking aside, Insights to employee dignity in “Dilbert” cartoons: The value of comic art in understanding the employer–employee relationship’, Journal of Management Inquiry 20(3): 286301.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Orlikowski, W. J. (2007) ‘Sociomaterial practices: Exploring technology at work’, Organization Studies 28(9): 143548.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Orlikowski, W. J., Scott, S. V. (2008) ‘Sociomateriality: Challenging the separation of technology, work and organization’, The Academy of Management Annals 2: 43374.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Panayiotou, A. (2012) ‘Deconstructing the manager: Discourses of power and resistance in popular cinema’, Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 31(1): 1026.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Parker, M. (2006) ‘The counter culture of organisation: Towards a cultural studies of representations of work’, Consumption, Markets & Culture 9(1): 115.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Paroutis, S., Franco, L. A., Papadopoulos, T. (2015) ‘Visual interactions with strategy tools: Producing strategic knowledge in workshops’, British Journal of Management 26(S1): S4866.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Perkmann, M., Spicer, A. (2014) ‘Organizational bricolage: The role of imprinting and values in giving shape to emerging organizations’, Organization Science 25: 1785806.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Prasad, A. (2003) ‘The gaze of the other: Postcolonial theory and organizational analysis’, in Prasad, A. (ed.) Postcolonial Theory and Organizational Analysis: A Critical Engagement, pp. 345. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Puyou, F. R., Quattrone, P., McLean, C.. (eds) (2012) Imagining Organizations: Performative Imagery in Business and Beyond. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Quattrone, P. (2009) ‘Books to be practiced: Memory, the power of the visual, and the success of accounting’, Accounting, Organizations and Society 34(1): 85118.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Ray, J., Smith, A. (2011) ‘Using photographs to research organizations: Evidence, considerations, and application in a field study’, Organizational Research Methods 15(2): 288331.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Rehn, A. (2008) ‘Pop (culture) goes the organization: On highbrow, lowbrow and hybrids in studying popular culture within organization studies’, Organization 15(5): 76583.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Rheinberger, H. J. (1997) Toward a History of Epistemic Things: Synthesizing Proteins in the Test Tube. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Google Scholar
Rhodes, C., Parker, M. (2008) ‘Images of organizing in popular culture’, Organization 15(5): 62737.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Riach, K., Warren, S. (2015) ‘Smell organization: Bodies and corporeal porosity in office work’, Human Relations 68(5): 89.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Rodrigues, S. B., Collinson, D.L. (1995). “Having fun”?: Humour as resistance in Brazil. Organization Studies, 16(5), 739768.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Rose, G. (2001) Visual Methodologies, 1st ed. London: Sage.
Google Scholar
Rose, G. (2010) Doing Family Photography: The Domestic, the Public and the Politics of Sentiment. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing.
Google Scholar
Rose, G., Tolia-Kelly, D. (2012) ‘Visuality/Materiality: Introducing a manifesto for practice’, in Rose, G., Tolia-Kelly, D. (eds) Visuality/Materiality: Images, Objects and Practices, pp. 113. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing.
Google Scholar
Schwartz, D. (1989) ‘Visual Ethnography: Using photographs in qualitative research’, Qualitative Sociology 12(2): 11953.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Scott, J. C. (1985) Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Google Scholar
Scott, J. C. (1998) Seeing Like a State. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Google Scholar
Spivak, G. (1999) A Critique of Postcolonial Reason: Toward a History of the Vanishing Present. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Stafford, B. M. (1999) Visual Analogy: Consciousness as the Art of Connecting. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Google Scholar
Styhre, A. (2008) Perception and Organization: Art, Music, Media. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Styhre, A. (2010) Visual Culture in Organizations: Theory and Cases. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Thomas, R., Davies, A. (2005) ‘Theorizing the micro-politics of resistance: New public management and managerial identities in the UK public services’, Organization Studies 26(5): 683706.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI
Thomas, R., Sargent, L. D., Hardy, C. (2011) ‘Managing organizational change: Negotiating meaning and power-resistance relations’, Organization Science 22(1): 2241.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Toraldo, M. L., Islam, G., Mangia. (2016) Modes of knowing: Video research, multimodality and the problem of elusive knowledges, Organizational Research Methods. Published online before print July 14, doi: 10.1177/1094428116657394.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Vaara, E., Tienari, J., Irrman, O. (2007) ‘Crafting an inter-national identity: The Nordea Case’, in Lerpold, L., Ravasi, D., VanRekom, J. (eds) Organizational Identity in Practice, pp. 21531. London: Routledge.
Google Scholar
Vallas, S. P. (2003) ‘The adventures of managerial hegemony: Teamwork, ideology, and worker resistance’, Social Problems 50(2): 20425.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI
Warren, S. (2009) ‘Visual methods in organizational research’, in Buchanan, D. A., Bryman, A. (eds) Handbook of Organizational Research Methods, pp. 56682. London: Sage.
Google Scholar
Warren, S. (2012) ‘Having an eye for it: Aesthetics, ethnography and the senses’, Journal of Organizational Ethnography 1(1): 10718.
Google Scholar | Crossref
Winiecki, D. J. (2009) ‘The call centre and its many players’, Organization 16: 70531.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals
Winner, L. (1980) ‘Do artifacts have politics?’, Daedalus 109(1): 12136.
Google Scholar | ISI
Zammuto, R. F., Griffith, T. L., Majchrzak, A.. (2007) ‘Information technology and the changing fabric of organization’, Organization Science 18(5): 74962.
Google Scholar | Crossref | ISI

Access content

To read the fulltext, please use one of the options below to sign in or purchase access.
  • Access Options

    My Account

    Welcome
    You do not have access to this content.

    Chinese Institutions / 中国用户

    Click the button below for the full-text content

    请点击以下获取该全文

    Institutional Login

    Purchase Content

    24 hours online access to download content

    Added to Cart

    Cart is full

    There is currently no price available for this item in your region.

    Research off-campus without worrying about access issues. Find out about Lean Library here


Purchase

ORG-article-ppv for GBP29.00
ORG-article-ppv for $37.50
Single Issue 24 hour E-access for GBP396.53
Single Issue 24 hour E-access for $475.11